Intentional Observational Clinical Research Design: Innovative Design for Complex Clinical Research Using Advanced Technology

Tetsuya Tanioka, Rozzano C. Locsin, Feni Betriana, Yoshihiro Kai, Kyoko Osaka, Elizabeth Baua and Savina Schoenhofer
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Tetsuya Tanioka: Department of Nursing Outcome Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8509, Japan
Rozzano C. Locsin: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8509, Japan
Feni Betriana: Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
Yoshihiro Kai: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokai University, Hiratsuka 259-1292, Japan
Kyoko Osaka: Department of Nursing, Nursing Course of Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
Elizabeth Baua: Graduate School, St. Paul University Philippines, Tuguegarao 3500, Philippines
Savina Schoenhofer: Anne Boykin Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-15

Abstract: The growing use of robots in nursing and healthcare facilities has prompted increasing research on human–robot interactions. However, specific research designs that can guide researchers to conduct rigorous investigations on human–robot interactions are limited. This paper aims to discuss the development and application of a new research design—the Intentional Observational Clinical Research Design (IOCRD). Data sources to develop the IOCRD were derived from surveyed literature of the past decade, focusing on clinical nursing research and theories relating robotics to nursing and healthcare practice. The distinction between IOCRD and other research design is the simultaneous data generation collected using advanced technological devices, for example, the wireless Bonaly-light electrocardiogram (ECG) to track heart rate variability of research subjects, robot application programs on the iPad mini to control robot speech and gestures, and Natural Language Processing programs. Even though IOCRD was developed for human–robot research, there remain vast opportunities for its use in nursing practice and healthcare. With the unique feature of simultaneous data generation and analysis, an interdisciplinary collaborative research team is strongly suggested. The IOCRD is expected to contribute guidance for researchers in conducting clinical research related to robotics in nursing and healthcare.

Keywords: intentional observation; clinical research; novel research design; nursing; advanced technologies; healthcare; mixed methods research (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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