Assessment of Physicochemical Groundwater Quality and Hydrogeochemical Processes in an Area near a Municipal Landfill Site: A Case Study of the Toluca Valley

Ingrid Dávalos-Peña, Rosa María Fuentes-Rivas, Reyna María Guadalupe Fonseca-Montes de Oca, José Alfredo Ramos-Leal, Janete Morán-Ramírez and Germán Martínez Alva
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Ingrid Dávalos-Peña: Geography Department, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Cerro de Coatepec s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Toluca 50110, Mexico
Rosa María Fuentes-Rivas: Engineering Department, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Cerro de Coatepec s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Toluca 50110, Mexico
Reyna María Guadalupe Fonseca-Montes de Oca: Inter-American Institute of Technology and Water Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Carretera Toluca Atlacomulco Km 14.5, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca 50200, Mexico
José Alfredo Ramos-Leal: Applied Geosciences Division, Potosin Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, C.A. (IPICYT), Camino a la Presa San José # 2055, Lomas 4a, Sección, C.P., San Luis Potosi 78216, Mexico
Janete Morán-Ramírez: Cátedras CONACYT, UNAM, Institute of Geophysics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Cd. Mx, Mexico 04150, Mexico
Germán Martínez Alva: Medicine Department, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Tollocan Esquina Jesús Carranza S/N, Toluca 50180, Mexico

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-16

Abstract: Sanitary landfills are considered one of the main sources of contamination of water resources due to the generation of leachate with a high content of dissolved organic matter (DOM), inorganic material, and toxic elements. This study aimed to determine the influence of leachate on the physicochemical quality and hydrogeochemical processes which determine the chemical composition of groundwater in an area near a municipal sanitary landfill site. In situ parameters (pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, ORP), physicochemical parameters (HCO 3 ? , PO 4 3? , Cl ? , NO 3 ? , SO 4 2? , NH 4 + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + , K + ), and dissolved organic matter were analyzed. The content of dissolved organic matter (DOM) was determined by 3D fluorescence microscopy. The presence of Cl ? , NO 3 ? , NH 4 + , PO 4 3? , BOD, and COD indicated the presence of contamination. The significant correlation between NO 3 ? and PO 4 3? ions (r = 0.940) and DOM of anthropogenic origin in the 3D fluorescence spectra confirm that its presence in the water is associated with the municipal landfill site in question. The type of water in the area is Mg-HCO 3 , with a tendency to Na-HCO 3 and Na-SO + -Cl. The water-rock interaction process predominates in the chemical composition of water; however, significant correlations between Na + and Ca 2+ (r = 0.876), and between K + and Mg 2+ (r = 0.980) showed that an ion exchange process had taken place. Likewise, there is enrichment by HCO 3 ? and SO 4 2? ions due to the mineralization of the organic matter from the leachate. The groundwater quality that supplies the study area is being affected by leachate infiltration from the sanitary landfill.

Keywords: dissolved organic matter; leachate; anthropogenic contamination; aromatics proteins; groundwater quality (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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