The Effects of Wearing a Removable-Partial-Denture on the Bite Forces: A Cross-Sectional Study

Iole Vozza, Licia Manzon, Pier Carmine Passarelli, Nicola Pranno, Ottavia Poli and Cristina Grippaudo
Additional contact information
Iole Vozza: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
Licia Manzon: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
Pier Carmine Passarelli: Department of Head and Neck, Division of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
Nicola Pranno: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
Ottavia Poli: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
Cristina Grippaudo: Department of Head and Neck, Division of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-10

Abstract: Background: Removable partial dentures are a frequently used prosthetic treatment in the elderly population, but different types or RPDs might guarantee different chewing capabilities. In many studies, the relationship between chewing and aging has been reported and it has been shown that efficient chewing can improve the overall quality of life. Objectives: In the present study, the relationship between maximum bite force (MBF) and RPDs was studied. A relationship between the body mass index (BMI) and the type of prosthesis was also analyzed. Methods: 240 elderly patients, 120 males and 120 females, with bilateral posterior edentulism (class 1 of Kennedy classification) who had been wearing an RPD for at least a year, were recruited. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1: male ( n = 60) and female ( n = 60) patients with bilateral edentulous areas located posterior to the remaining natural teeth and natural teeth in the opposite dental arch. Group 2: male ( n = 60) and female ( n = 60) patients with maxillary and mandibular bilateral edentulous areas located posterior to the remaining natural teeth. Their Body Mass Index (BMI) and Maximum bite force (MBF) were measured and compared according to the material and design of their RPD. Results: In both Groups, patients wearing cobalt-chrome alloy RPDs (Co-Cr-RPD) (Group 1: 20.25 ± 6.7 MBF, p < 0.001; Group 2: 16.0 ± 5.7 MBF, p < 0.001) had an increased MBF when compared to polymethylmethacrylate RPD (PMMA-RPD) (Group 1: 12.9 ± 3.36 MBF; Group 2: 10.4 + 2.8 MBF), and Valplast RPD (V-RPD) (Group 1: 14.3 ± 4.7 MBF; Group 2: 11.3 ± 3.4 MBF) users. There were no significant differences in bite force between patients wearing PMMA-RPD and V- RPD in both Groups. Patients in Group 2 showed a lower MBF than those in Group 1 (Group 1: 16.05 ± 6.13 MBF; Group 2: 12.6 ± 4.84 MBF; p < 0.001). Conclusions: A reduction in chewing force can lead to choosing softer foods for nutrition, which can lead to an increase in BMI. Our results show that only CoCr-RPD wearers were able to chew consistent food, whereas PMMA- RPD and V-RPD, due to the properties of the materials, their instability, and the possibility of causing pain during mastication, determined a limitation in the choice of food for many of the participants.

Keywords: bite force; removable prostheses; partial denture; chewing strength; body mass index (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/21/11401/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/21/11401/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:21:p:11401-:d:668158

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().