Association between Smoking during Pregnancy and Short Root Anomaly in Offspring

Yuki Sagawa, Takuya Ogawa, Yusuke Matsuyama, Junka Nakagawa Kang, Miyu Yoshizawa Araki, Yuko Unnai Yasuda, Tsasan Tumurkhuu, Ganjargal Ganburged, Amarsaikhan Bazar, Toshihiro Tanaka, Takeo Fujiwara and Keiji Moriyama
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Yuki Sagawa: Department of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
Takuya Ogawa: Department of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
Yusuke Matsuyama: Department of Global Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
Junka Nakagawa Kang: Department of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
Miyu Yoshizawa Araki: Department of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
Yuko Unnai Yasuda: Department of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
Tsasan Tumurkhuu: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia
Ganjargal Ganburged: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia
Amarsaikhan Bazar: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia
Toshihiro Tanaka: Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
Takeo Fujiwara: Department of Global Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
Keiji Moriyama: Department of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-11

Abstract: Short root anomaly (SRA) is a dental anomaly with short dental roots and its pathogenesis is poorly understood. This study investigated the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and SRA in offspring. A survey was conducted on 558 children aged 8–16 years from two public schools in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. SRA was diagnosed using cases with a root-crown ratio of maxillary central incisors of ?1.0. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess maternal lifestyle habits. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyse the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and SRA in offspring after adjusting for possible confounders. The prevalence of SRA in these children was 14.2%. Children whose mothers smoked from pregnancy to date were found to be 4.95 times (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.65–14.79) more likely to have SRA than those whose mothers never smoked, after adjusting for possible confounders. Additionally, children whose mothers had been exposed to passive smoking during pregnancy were found to be 1.86 times (95% CI: 1.02–3.40) more likely to have SRA than those whose mothers had not been exposed to passive smoke. Our population-based study suggests that maternal and passive smoking exposure during pregnancy can affect tooth root formation in children.

Keywords: tobacco; tooth development; dental morphology; dental public health; epidemiology; community dentistry (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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