Higher Risk of Gastric Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients with Periodontitis: A Nationwide Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study in Taiwan

Xin Li, Hitesh Singh Chaouhan, Ching-Hao Li, Tung-Min Yu, I-Kuan Wang, Cheng-Li Lin, Chi-Yuan Li and Kuo-Ting Sun
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Xin Li: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
Hitesh Singh Chaouhan: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
Ching-Hao Li: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
Tung-Min Yu: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
I-Kuan Wang: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
Cheng-Li Lin: Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
Chi-Yuan Li: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
Kuo-Ting Sun: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-11

Abstract: Periodontitis is the most prevalent chronic inflammatory oral disease that is characterized by tooth loss and is commonly associated with several systemic inflammatory diseases. Some epidemiological studies suggest that those suffering from periodontitis might be at a greater risk of developing gastric Helicobacter pylori ( Hp ) infection; however, evidence that showing the association between periodontitis and the risk of gastric Hp infection is less clear. We conducted a large-scale, population-based study in Taiwan with a 13-year follow-up period to evaluate the risk of gastric Hp in a periodontitis patient cohort. To conduct this study, we used epidemiological data from the Taiwanese Longitudinal National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) from 2000 to 2013. We selected 134,474 participants (64,868 males and 69,606 females with a minimum age of 20 years), with and without periodontitis, and matched patient cohort groups for age, sex, index year, and co-morbidities. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to examine the risk of gastric Hp infection in patients with periodontitis. Patients with periodontitis exhibited a higher risk of developing gastric Hp infection compared to those individuals/groups without periodontitis (1.35 vs. 0.87 per 1000 person-years, adjusted the hazards ratio (aHR 1.52), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) 1.38–1.67, p < 0.001). The risk of gastric Hp infection persisted even after stratifying by age (aHR = 1.96 (1.79–2.13) for 50–64 years and 1.70 (1.49–1.94) for ?65 years), gender (aHR = 1.20 (1.11–1.29) for men), and presence of comorbidities of hypertension (aHR = 1.24 (1.11–1.38)), hyperlipidemia (aHR = 1.28 (1.14–1.42)), COPD (aHR = 1.45 (1.31–1.61)), CLD (aHR = 1.62 (1.47–1.77)) and CKD (aHR = 1.44 (1.04–1.99)). Overall, our findings showed that periodontitis patients have a greater risk for gastric Hp than individuals without periodontitis. Clinicians should perform regular good oral hygiene practices, along with newer treatments, for patients with periodontitis, especially those at higher risk of gastric Hp infection.

Keywords: periodontitis; Helicobacter pylori; gastric infection; risk factors; cohort study (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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