Frailty Related to the Exposure to Particulate Matter and Ozone: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study

Jinyoung Shin and Jaekyung Choi
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Jinyoung Shin: Department of Family Medicine, Research Institute on Healthy Aging, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
Jaekyung Choi: Department of Family Medicine, Research Institute on Healthy Aging, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 22, 1-12

Abstract: This study aims to identify the association between the concentration of particulate matter <2.5 ?m (PM 2.5 ), <10 ?m (PM 10 ), and ozone (O 3 ) and frailty. The Korean Frailty Scale (KFS, 0–6 points) assessing physical, psychological, and social frailty, was applied to 2912 community-dwelling older adults between April 2016 and December 2017. Daily average concentrations of PM 2.5 , PM 10 , and O 3 (2015–2017) were obtained and matched with the residential areas. The frailty risk associated with exposure to PM 2.5 , PM 10 , and O 3 was evaluated using multiple logistic regression after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, lifestyle, socioeconomic status, and comorbidity. Participants were categorized into robust (0 points, 28.7%), pre-frail (1–2 points, 50.1%), and frail (?3 points, 21.2%) groups. Each 1 ?g/m 3 increase of PM 2.5 and PM 10 increased the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the frail group compared to the robust group: 1.055 (1.002, 1.112) and 1.095 (1.060, 1.131), and the pre-frail group: 1.053 (1.017, 1.090) and 1.062 (1.037, 1.087), respectively. Each 1-ppb increase of O 3 increased the OR (95% CI) of the frail group: 1.041 (1.023, 1.059) and the pre-frail group: 1.005 (0.985, 1.025). PM 2.5 , PM 10 , and O 3 may be associated dose-dependently with the frailty.

Keywords: frail elderly; air pollution; particulate matter; ozone (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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