The Effect of Therapeutic Hypothermia after Cardiac Arrest on the Neurological Outcome and Survival—A Systematic Review of RCTs Published between 2016 and 2020

Christian Colls Garrido, Blanca Riquelme Gallego, Juan Carlos Sánchez García, Jonathan Cortés Martín, María Montiel Troya and Raquel Rodríguez Blanque
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Christian Colls Garrido: Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, 18071 Granada, Spain
Blanca Riquelme Gallego: School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Juan Carlos Sánchez García: School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Jonathan Cortés Martín: School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
María Montiel Troya: Research Group CTS1068, Andalusia Research Plan, Junta de Andalucía, 18014 Granada, Spain
Raquel Rodríguez Blanque: Research Group CTS1068, Andalusia Research Plan, Junta de Andalucía, 18014 Granada, Spain

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 22, 1-17

Abstract: Therapeutic hypothermia is a treatment used for patients who have suffered cardiorespiratory arrest and remain conscious after the recovery of spontaneous circulation. However, its effectiveness is controversial. The objective of this systematic review is to summarize the scientific evidence available about the effect of therapeutic hypothermia on neurological status and survival in this type of patients. Methodology: A primary search in CINAHL, CUIDEN, Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was carried out. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) published from 2016 to 2020 were selected. Results: 17 studies were selected for inclusion and most relevant data were extracted. Methodological quality was assessed by the RoB tool. Conclusions: Although therapeutic hypothermia is a safe technique with few adverse and manageable effects, it has not shown to improve survival rate and neurological status of adult nor pediatric patients. It is possible that its positive effect on neuroprotection could be achieved only by preventing hyperthermia although further investigation is needed.

Keywords: induced hypothermia; cardiac arrest; survival rate; critical care (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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