Effects of Mixed of a Ketogenic Diet in Overweight and Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Raffaele Ivan Cincione, Francesca Losavio, Fabiana Ciolli, Anna Valenzano, Giuseppe Cibelli, Giovanni Messina and Rita Polito
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Raffaele Ivan Cincione: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
Francesca Losavio: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
Fabiana Ciolli: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
Anna Valenzano: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
Giuseppe Cibelli: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
Giovanni Messina: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
Rita Polito: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 23, 1-14

Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a commonly occurring endocrine disorder characterized by hirsutism, anovulation, and polycystic ovaries. Often comorbid with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and obesity, it also carries significant risk for the development of cardiovascular and metabolic sequelae, including diabetes and metabolic syndrome. The relationship between central obesity and the development of insulin resistance is widely verified. Adipose tissue excess and the coexistent dysregulation of adipocyte functions directly contribute to the pathogenesis of the metabolic complications observed in women with PCOS. In the light of these evidence, the most therapeutic option prescribed to obese women with PCOS, regardless of the phenotype e from the severity of clinical expression, is lifestyle correction by diet and physical activity. The aim of this study is to evaluate the beneficial effects of ketogenic diet in 17 obese women with PCOS. Our results showed that the ketogenic diet inducing therapeutic ketosis, improves the anthropometric and many biochemical parameters such as LH, FSH, SHBG, insulin sensitivity and HOMA index. In addition, it induces a reduction in androgenic production, whereas the contextual reduction of fat mass reduced the acyclic production of estrogens deriving from the aromatization in the adipose tissue of the androgenic excess, with an improvement of the LH/FSH ratio. This is the first study on the effects of the ketogenic diet on PCOS, however, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism underlying ketogenic diet effects.

Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS); women; ketogenic diet (KD); adipose tissue (AT); obesity; insulin resistance; hormone production (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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