Normalization of the Mini-MAC (Mental Adjustment to Cancer) Questionnaire among Cancer Patients

Aleksandra Czerw, Urszula Religioni, Filip Szymański, Agnieszka Nieradko-Heluszko, Dominika Mękal, Dagmara Hering, Anna Kowalczuk, Piotr Merks, Mariola Borowska, Magdalena Bogdan and Monika Pajewska
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Aleksandra Czerw: Department of Health Economics and Medical Law, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
Urszula Religioni: Collegium of Business Administration, Warsaw School of Economics, 02-513 Warsaw, Poland
Filip Szymański: Departament of Civilization Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, Kazimierza Woycickiego 1 Street, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
Agnieszka Nieradko-Heluszko: Subdepartment of Social Medicine and Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-103 Szczecin, Poland
Dominika Mękal: Department of Oncological Prevention, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
Dagmara Hering: Department of Hypertension and Diabetology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
Anna Kowalczuk: National Institute of Medicines, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland
Piotr Merks: Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 01-938 Warszawa, Poland
Mariola Borowska: Department of Health Economics and Medical Law, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
Magdalena Bogdan: Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-007 Warsaw, Poland
Monika Pajewska: Department of Economic and System Analyses, National Institute of Public Health—NIH—National Research Institute, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 23, 1-13

Abstract: Cancer is associated with discomfort and many changes in patients’ lives to which they must adapt. The main objective of the study was to assess the use of the mini-MAC questionnaire scale among persons diagnosed with malignant cancer and to develop standards allowing differentiation of patients with diagnosed cancer in terms of their style of adjustment to the disease. The mini-MAC questionnaire is a widely used tool in assessing coping strategies among cancer patients. Sten standards have been developed to determine the level of results on the questionnaire scales in the low–average–high categories. The study included 1187 patients diagnosed with malignant cancer who are covered by outpatient care at the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute—Oncology Center in Warsaw. The questionnaire concerning mental adjustment to cancer was used (mini-MAC). Patients with cancer most often adopt strategies of fighting spirit and positive reevaluation. The variables that differentiate the results most significantly include gender, presence of metastasis, and the state of undergoing chemotherapy. The mini-MAC questionnaire should be a tool for psycho-oncological diagnosis of patients’ attitudes towards cancer. The obtained results indicate that cancer patients are characterized by their constructive style of adjustment to the disease.

Keywords: normalization; mental adjustment; cancer; mini-MAC (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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