Assessing Esports Participation Intention: The Development and Psychometric Properties of the Theory of Planned Behavior-Based Esports Intention Questionnaire (TPB-Esport-Q)

Ka-Man Leung, Ming-Yu-Claudia Wong, Kai-Ling Ou, Pak-Kwong Chung and Ka-Lai Lau
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Ka-Man Leung: Department of Health and Physical Education, Hong Kong University of Education, Hong Kong
Ming-Yu-Claudia Wong: Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Kai-Ling Ou: Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Pak-Kwong Chung: Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Ka-Lai Lau: Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 23, 1-14

Abstract: Background: Esports is seen as an emerging industry that has enjoyed a surge in popularity worldwide. As a result, researchers have undertaken studies to try to understand the motivations and factors that impact Esports gameplay. Given the extensive utilization of TPB in many research projects to conceptualize and predict various behaviors, the current study aimed to further extend this theory to the Esports context by developing and validating an instrument that can illustrate the factors that impact the intention to participate in Esports, thus predicting Esports game playing behaviors. Methods: A total of 25 participants were involved in the development of the questionnaire using the qualitative approach, while 915 university students and 1164 secondary school students were involved in the survey for the questionnaire validation using the exploratory factor analysis and the confirmatory factor analysis. Results: All measurement models of the TPB subscales are considered as good fit. Conclusion: Hence, showing the newly designed TPB Esports Intention Questionnaire was found to be reliable and valid in revealing the level of intentions as well as the factors affecting Hong Kong students playing Esports.

Keywords: Esports; theory of planned behavior; psychometric properties; Esports participation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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