Self-Management Nursing Intervention for Controlling Glucose among Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Mi-Kyoung Cho and Mi Young Kim
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Mi-Kyoung Cho: Department of Nursing Science, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju 28644, Korea
Mi Young Kim: College of Nursing, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 23, 1-19

Abstract: As the diabetic population increases, self-management of diabetes, a chronic disease, is important. Given that self-management nursing interventions using various techniques have been developed, an analysis of their importance is crucial. This study aimed to identify the overall effects of self-management nursing interventions on primary (HbA1c) and secondary (self-care, self-efficacy, fasting blood sugar level blood pressure, lipid, body mass index, waist circumference, distress, anxiety, depression, and quality of life) outcomes in diabetes. Systematic review and meta-analysis were used. The meta-analysis involved the synthesis of effect size; tests of homogeneity and heterogeneity; trim and fill plot; Egger’s regression test; and Begg’s test for assessing publication bias. The overall effect on HbA1c was −0.55, suggesting a moderate effect size, with HbA1c decreasing significantly after nursing interventions. Among the nursing interventions, the overall effect on HbA1c of nurse management programs, home visiting, and customized programs was −0.25, −0.61, and −0.65, respectively, a small or medium effect size, and was statistically significant. Healthcare professionals may encourage people with diabetes to engage in self-management of their glucose levels, such as patient-centered customized intervention. Interventions that reflect the individual’s characteristics and circumstances are effective in enabling self-management.

Keywords: diabetes; T1DM; T2DM; self-care; self-management; HbA1c; meta-analysis; systematic review (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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