A Comparative Study of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Cleft Lip and Palate Patients and Their Families during Orthodontic Treatment

Inês Francisco, Francisco Caramelo, Maria Helena Fernandes and Francisco Vale
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Inês Francisco: Institute of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
Francisco Caramelo: Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research of Coimbra (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
Maria Helena Fernandes: Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
Francisco Vale: Institute of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 23, 1-11

Abstract: (1) Background: It has been recognized that CLP condition may affect oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) due to dental anomalies and abnormal craniofacial development. Aim: To assess whether orthodontic treatment affected the levels of OHRQoL in CLP patients and their families. (2) Methods: 226 individuals (111 with cleft and 115 control) and their parents were invited to complete the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) and Family Impact Scale (FIS), respectively. The Mann–Whitney test was used for quantitative variables and the Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables. The Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient was used to correlate the results of the OHIP and FIS questionnaires. (3) Results: No significant difference was found between groups in OHIP-14 but FIS score revealed a significant difference between the two groups evaluated ( p < 0.001). Only the social limitation in OHIP score revealed a significant difference ( p = 0.001). Regarding FIS score, the most affected dimensions were family activities ( p < 0.001), parental emotions ( p = 0.001), and family conflict ( p = 0.011). (4) Conclusion: Undergoing orthodontic treatment had a similar impact on the overall quality of life in CLP patients and non-cleft patients. Parents of cleft children had a poorer OHRQoL compared to what was perceived by their children and parents of non-cleft children.

Keywords: quality of life; orthodontics; cleft palate; family; caregiver (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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