In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Nanostructured Biphasic Calcium Phosphate in Granules and Putty Configurations

Jhonathan R. B. Nascimento, Suelen C. Sartoretto, Adriana T. N. N. Alves, Carlos F. A. B. Mourão, Victor R. Martinez-Zelaya, Marcelo J. Uzeda, José M. Granjeiro, Pietro Montemezzi, Monica D. Calasans-Maia and José A. Calasans-Maia
Additional contact information
Jhonathan R. B. Nascimento: Graduate Program, Dentistry School, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil
Suelen C. Sartoretto: Oral Surgery Department, Dentistry School, Universidade Veiga de Almeida, Rio de Janeiro 20271-020, Brazil
Adriana T. N. N. Alves: Oral Diagnosis Department, Dentistry School, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil
Carlos F. A. B. Mourão: Graduate Program, Dentistry School, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil
Victor R. Martinez-Zelaya: Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas 13083-100, Brazil
Marcelo J. Uzeda: Oral Surgery Department, Dentistry School, Universidade Iguaçu, Nova Iguaçu 26260-045, Brazil
José M. Granjeiro: Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMETRO), Duque de Caxias 25250-020, Brazil
Pietro Montemezzi: Private Practice, 24121 Bergamo, Italy
Monica D. Calasans-Maia: Oral Surgery Department, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil
José A. Calasans-Maia: Orthodontics Department, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 2, 1-17

Abstract: Synthetic biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) granules and powder are biocompatible biomaterials with a well-known capacity for osteoconduction, presenting very satisfactory clinical and histological results. It remains unanswered if the putty configuration impacts the biological response to the material. In this study, we aimed to compare the cytocompatibility and biocompatibility of nanostructured BCP in the putty configuration (moldable nanostructured calcium phosphate, MnCaP) on the healing of critical-sized bone defects (8 mm) in rat calvaria. Cytocompatibility was determined through the viability of fibroblast cells (V-79) to the extracts of different concentrations of MnCaP. Forty-five Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups ( n = 15)—clot, MnCaP, and commercial biphasic calcium phosphate in granules configurations (Nanosynt ® )—and subdivided into three experimental periods (1, 3, and 6 months). Histological, histomorphometric, and microtomographic analyses allowed the evaluation of newly formed bone, residual biomaterial, and connective tissue. The in vitro evaluation showed that MnCaP was cytocompatible. The histomorphometric results showed that the Nanosynt ® group granted the highest new-formed bone values at six months ( p < 0.05), although the biomaterial volume did not differ between groups. The putty configuration was easier to handle, and both configurations were biocompatible and osteoconductive, presented similar biosorption rates, and preserved the calvaria architecture.

Keywords: biomaterial; biocompatibility; cytocompatibility; microtomography (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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