Perinatal Outcomes in a Population of Diabetic and Obese Pregnant Women—The Results of the Polish National Survey

Cezary Wojtyla, Pawel Stanirowski, Pawel Gutaj, Michal Ciebiera and Andrzej Wojtyla
Additional contact information
Cezary Wojtyla: International Prevention Research Institute—Collaborating Centre, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland
Pawel Stanirowski: Club 35, Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians, 02-677 Warsaw, Poland
Pawel Gutaj: Club 35, Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians, 02-677 Warsaw, Poland
Michal Ciebiera: Club 35, Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians, 02-677 Warsaw, Poland
Andrzej Wojtyla: World Institute for Family Health, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 2, 1-14

Abstract: Obesity and diabetes increase the risk of complications during gestation and at delivery. The aim of this study was to compare the perinatal outcomes in the populations of diabetic and obese Polish women, based on the results of a national survey performed in years 2012 and 2017, as well as to determine the risk factors of the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Questionnaires from 6276 women were collected. Obese women constituted 5.5% and 7.5% of study population in years 2012 and 2017, respectively. Among women whose pregnancies were complicated by diabetes mellitus, GDM constituted the most common type of glucose intolerance during both time periods (2012: 89% vs. 2017: 85.6%). In the group of obese women an insignificant increase in the rate of induced deliveries was noted (2012: 9.9% vs. 2017: 11.7%), whereas the fetal birth-weight decreased significantly (2012: 3565 g vs. 2017: 3405 g, p < 0.05). In the group of diabetic pregnant women the percentage of cesarean sections, labour inductions and fetal birth defects was characterized by an insignificant upward trend. Risk of GDM was significantly increased in women aged over 35 years—(2012: OR 1.9 (95% CI: 1.1–2.9) and 2017: OR = 2.1 (95% CI: 1.5–2.9), p < 0.05—, as well as in overweight women—2012: OR 1.8 (95% CI: 1.2–2.7) and 2017: OR 2.6 (95% CI: 1.9–3.4), p < 0.05—during both analysed time periods. Based on the study results, it is necessary to develop population-based programmes to prevent obesity and to introduce and enforce the rules of appropriate screening for glucose tolerance disorders during pregnancy.

Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus; diabetes; obesity; pregnancy; cesarean section (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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