Atmospheric Behaviour of Polycyclic and Nitro-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Water-Soluble Inorganic Ions in Winter in Kirishima, a Typical Japanese Commercial City

Lu Yang, Quanyu Zhou, Hao Zhang, Xuan Zhang, Wanli Xing, Yan Wang, Pengchu Bai, Masahito Yamauchi, Tetsuji Chohji, Lulu Zhang, Kazuichi Hayakawa, Akira Toriba and Ning Tang
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Lu Yang: Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Quanyu Zhou: Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Hao Zhang: Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Xuan Zhang: Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Wanli Xing: Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Yan Wang: Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Pengchu Bai: Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Masahito Yamauchi: National Institute of Technology, Kagoshima College, Hayatocho, Kirishima 899-5193, Japan
Tetsuji Chohji: National Institute of Technology, Kagoshima College, Hayatocho, Kirishima 899-5193, Japan
Lulu Zhang: Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Kazuichi Hayakawa: Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Akira Toriba: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
Ning Tang: Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 2, 1-14

Abstract: Kirishima is a typical Japanese commercial city, famous for frequent volcanic activity. This is the first study to determine the characteristics of PM 2.5 -bound polycyclic and nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs and NPAHs) and water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) in this city. In this study, the non-volcanic eruption period was taken as the target and daily PM 2.5 samples were collected from 24 November to 21 December 2016. The daily concentrations in PM 2.5 of ?PAHs, ?NPAHs, and ?WSIIs ranged from 0.36 to 2.90 ng/m 3 , 2.12 to 22.3 pg/m 3 , and 1.96 to 11.4 μg/m 3 , respectively. Through the results of the diagnostic ratio analyses of the PAHs, NPAHs, and WSIIs and the backward trajectory analysis of the air masses arriving in Kirishima, the emission sources of PAHs, NPAHs, and WSIIs in PM 2.5 in Kirishima were influenced by the coal burning that came from the East Asian continent, although there was no influence from volcanic emission sources during the sampling period. The total benzo[ a ]pyrene (BaP)-equivalent concentration was lower than many other cities but the health risks in Kirishima were nonetheless notable. These findings are very important for future research on PM samples during the inactive Asian monsoon and volcanic eruption periods, to further understand the characteristics of air pollutants in Kirishima, and to contribute to the improvement in health of residents and a reduction in the atmospheric circulation of air pollutants in East Asia.

Keywords: air pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; water-soluble inorganic ions; Kirishima (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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