Associations between Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Diseases and Periodontitis

Ewa Pająk-Łysek, Maciej Polak, Grzegorz Kopeć, Mateusz Podolec, Moïse Desvarieux, Andrzej Pająk and Joanna Zarzecka
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Ewa Pająk-Łysek: Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-155 Kraków, Poland
Maciej Polak: Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-066 Kraków, Poland
Grzegorz Kopeć: Pulmonary Circulation Centre, Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Kraków, Poland
Mateusz Podolec: John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Kraków, Poland
Moïse Desvarieux: Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
Andrzej Pająk: Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-066 Kraków, Poland
Joanna Zarzecka: Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-155 Kraków, Poland

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 2, 1-11

Abstract: The goal of the study was to assess the relationship between cardioprotective medications, i.e., beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), calcium channel blockers (CCBs), angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), statins, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), and periodontitis (PD). Background: Xerostomia increases the risk of PD and is a side effect of some pharmacotherapies. Information about the effect of cardioprotective treatment of periodontal status is scarce. Methods: We studied 562 dentate residents of Krakow at the age of 50 to 70 years. Information about treatment was collected using a standardized questionnaire. The pocket depth and clinical attachment level (CAL) were used to ascertain PD. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to assess the relation between cardioprotective medications and PD. Results: PD was found in 74% of participants. The range of cardioprotective drug use among participants was 7% (ARBs) to 32% (beta-blockers). After adjusting for age, sex, number of teeth, smoking, and education, ASA’s use was related to a lower prevalence of PD in all dentate participants (odds ratio (OR) = 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.40–0.99). The use of ARBs and statins was found to be associated with a higher prevalence of PD in persons having ≥6 teeth (odds ratio (OR) = 3.57, 95% CI: 1.06–11.99 and OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.03–3.16, respectively). Further adjustment for CVD risk factors, history of coronary heart disease, and other chronic diseases did not attenuate the results. There was no significant relation between PD and the use of other cardioprotective drugs.

Keywords: periodontitis; cardioprotective drugs; angiotensin II receptor blockers; statins; acetylsalicylic acid (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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