BRAINballs Program Improves the Gross Motor Skills of Primary School Pupils in Vietnam

Pham Van Han, Sara Wawrzyniak, Ireneusz Cichy, Michał Bronikowski and Andrzej Rokita
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Pham Van Han: Department of Team Sports Games, University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, A Mickiewicz Street 58, 51-684 Wrocław, Poland
Sara Wawrzyniak: Department of Team Sports Games, University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, A Mickiewicz Street 58, 51-684 Wrocław, Poland
Ireneusz Cichy: Department of Team Sports Games, University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, A Mickiewicz Street 58, 51-684 Wrocław, Poland
Michał Bronikowski: Department of Didactics of Physical Activity, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
Andrzej Rokita: Department of Team Sports Games, University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, A Mickiewicz Street 58, 51-684 Wrocław, Poland

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 3, 1-8

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the BRAINballs program on second graders’ gross motor skills in a primary school in Vietnam. A total of 55 students (23 boys and 32 girls) aged seven years participated in the study. The research used the method of a pedagogical experiment and parallel group technique (experimental and control group) with pre- and post-testing. The study was conducted in the school year 2019/2020. The gross motor skills performance was assessed by the Test of Gross Motor Development—2nd Edition. The BRAINballs program was conducted twice a week and combined physical activity with subject-related contents by means of a set of 100 balls with painted letters, numbers, and signs. The results showed that the experimental and control groups improved their motor skills after one school year ( p < 0.001). However, the analysis of covariance demonstrated that students from the experimental group, compared to students from the control group, showed significantly better scores in both subtests: locomotor ( p = 0.0000) and object control skills ( p = 0.0000). The findings of this study show that the BRAINballs program had a positive effect on children’s motor performances and may help to better understand the development of basic motor skills of seven-year-old students in Vietnam.

Keywords: TGMD-2; physical education; fundamental motor skills; educational balls; primary school (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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