Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in Adults and Older Adults from Amazonas, Brazil

Élvio Rúbio Gouveia, Bruna R. Gouveia, Adilson Marques, Miguel Peralta, Cíntia França, Alex Lima, Alderlane Campos, Jefferson Jurema, Matthias Kliegel and Andreas Ihle
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Élvio Rúbio Gouveia: Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
Bruna R. Gouveia: LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
Adilson Marques: CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1495-751 Lisbon, Portugal
Miguel Peralta: CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1495-751 Lisbon, Portugal
Cíntia França: Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
Alex Lima: CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1495-751 Lisbon, Portugal
Alderlane Campos: Secretaria Municipal de Educação, 69055-010 Manaus, Brazil
Jefferson Jurema: Amazonas State University, 69065-001 Manaus, Brazil
Matthias Kliegel: Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
Andreas Ihle: Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 3, 1-11

Abstract: Metabolic syndrome has been considered a factor of vulnerability and a major public health problem because it increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The present study from Amazonas, Brazil aimed to estimate the prevalence of the individual and general components of metabolic syndrome in adults and older adults and identify the independent predictors of metabolic syndrome. The sample of the present cross-sectional study comprised 942 participants (590 women), with a mean age of 59.8 ± 19.7 (range: 17.5 to 91.8). Blood pressure in men (62.5%), abdominal obesity in women (67.3%), and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in both (52.2% in men and 65.0% in women) were the most prevalent individual risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Women had a higher prevalence of abdominal obesity ( p < 0.001), low HDL-C ( p < 0.001), and metabolic syndrome ( p < 0.001) than men; however, opposite results were seen in men for blood pressure ( p < 0.001). The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 47.5%. Advanced age, being female, having a higher body mass index, and a having lower educational level independently increased the odds of metabolic syndrome. Due to the association of metabolic syndrome with deterioration of health status and increased vulnerability, this study sustains the need for early public health interventions in the Amazonas region.

Keywords: cardiometabolic risk factors; health status; vulnerability; sex-related differences; public health; Amazona—Brazil (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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