Investigation of Acinetobacter baumannii Activity in Vascular Surgery Units through Epidemiological Management Based on the Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance, Biofilm Formation and Genotyping

Anna Szczypta, Katarzyna Talaga-Ćwiertnia, Małgorzata Kielar, Paweł Krzyściak, Anna Gajewska, Mirosław Szura, Małgorzata Bulanda and Agnieszka Chmielarczyk
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Anna Szczypta: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, 30-705 Kraków, Poland
Katarzyna Talaga-Ćwiertnia: Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Chair of Microbiology, Department of Infection Control and Mycology, 31-008 Kraków, Poland
Małgorzata Kielar: Medical Diagnostic Laboratory with a Bacteriological Unit, St. Louis Regional Specialised Children’s Hospital, 31-503 Kraków, Poland
Paweł Krzyściak: Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Chair of Microbiology, Department of Infection Control and Mycology, 31-008 Kraków, Poland
Anna Gajewska: Oncogene Diagnostics, 31-546 Kraków, Poland
Mirosław Szura: The Bonifratri Order Hospital of St. John Grande, 31-061 Kraków, Poland
Małgorzata Bulanda: Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Chair of Microbiology, Department of Infection Control and Mycology, 31-008 Kraków, Poland
Agnieszka Chmielarczyk: Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Chair of Microbiology, Department of Bacteriology, Microbial Ecology and Parasitology, 31-008 Kraków, Poland

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 4, 1-15

Abstract: Background/Objectives: The genus Acinetobacter demonstrates resistance to antibiotics and has been shown to spread in the hospital environment causing epidemic outbreaks among hospitalized patients. The objectives of the present study was to investigate the antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and clonality among Acinetobacter baumannii strains. Materials and Methods: The study involved 6 (I Outbreak) and 3 (II Outbreak) A. baumannii strains isolated from patients hospitalized in vascular surgery unit. Results: All tested A. baumannii strains were extensively drug resistant (XDR) and all the isolates were carbapenem-resistant and among them, all carried the bla OXA-51 gene, the bla OXA-24 gene, as well as the bla OXA-23 gene. All of the investigated strains had the ability to form a biofilm, but all of them produced less biofilm than the reference strain. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) showed that all strains belonged to the ST2 clone. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) divided the tested outbreak strains into two clones (A and B). Conclusion: This study shows a nosocomial spread of XDR A. baumannii ST2 having the bla OXA-51 gene, the bla OXA-24 gene, as well as the bla OXA-23 gene, low biofilm formers, that was prevalent in the vascular surgery unit. To identify the current situation of vascular surgery departments targeted epidemiological investigation was needed. Effective implementation of infection control prevented the spread of the epidemic outbreaks.

Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; extensive drug resistance; ST2 clone; OXA-23; epidemiological investigation; hospital outbreak (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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