Melanoma Prevention: Comparison of Different Screening Methods for the Selection of a High Risk Population

Nevio Dubbini, Antonella Puddu, Grazia Salimbeni, Stefano Malloggi, Daniele Gandini, Pietro Massei, Giuseppe Ferraùto, Tommaso Rubino, Laura Ricci, Giovanni Menchini, Marco Celli, Maurizia Ghilardi, Roberto Gianfaldoni, Serena Gianfaldoni, Andrea Nannipieri and Antonella Romanini
Additional contact information
Nevio Dubbini: Miningful Studio s.r.l.s, 56127 Pisa, Italy
Antonella Puddu: Plastic Surgery Department, San Rossore Clinic, 56122 Pisa, Italy
Grazia Salimbeni: Plastic Surgery Department, San Rossore Clinic, 56122 Pisa, Italy
Stefano Malloggi: Plastic Surgery Department, San Rossore Clinic, 56122 Pisa, Italy
Daniele Gandini: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Specialist, 56122 Pisa, Italy
Pietro Massei: Private Plastic Surgeon, Check-Up Medical Center, 55100 Lucca, Italy
Giuseppe Ferraùto: Private Dermatologist, San Rossore Clinic, 56122 Pisa, Italy
Tommaso Rubino: Private Dermatologist, 56127 Pisa, Italy
Laura Ricci: Dermatology Department, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, 57025 Piombino, Italy
Giovanni Menchini: Private Dermatologist, 56127 Pisa, Italy
Marco Celli: Dermatology Department, Ospedale Unico Della Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, 55041 Lucca, Italy
Maurizia Ghilardi: Private Dermatologist, 56127 Pisa, Italy
Roberto Gianfaldoni: Dermatology Department, University “G. Marconi of Rome”, 00193 Roma, Italy
Serena Gianfaldoni: Dermatology Department, University “G. Marconi of Rome”, 00193 Roma, Italy
Andrea Nannipieri: Dermatology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy
Antonella Romanini: Medical Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 4, 1-10

Abstract: Background: Guidelines recommend limiting melanoma screening in a population with known risk factors, but none indicates methods for efficient recruitment. The purpose of this study is to compare three different methods of recruiting subjects to be screened for melanoma to detect which, if any, is the most efficient. Methods: From 2010 to 2019, subjects were recruited as follows: (1) regular skin examinations (RS), mainly conducted through the Associazione Contro il Melanoma network; (2) occasional melanoma screening (OS), during annual public campaigns; (3) and selective screening (SS), where people were invited to undergo a skin check after filling in a risk evaluation questionnaire, in cases where the assigned outcome was intermediate/high risk. Melanoma risk factors were compared across different screening methods. Generalized Linear Mixed Models were used for multivariable analysis. Results: A total of 2238 subjects (62.7% women) were recruited, median age 44 years (2–85), and 1094 (48.9 %) records were collected through RS, 826 (36.9 %) through OS, and 318 (14.2 %) through SS. A total of 131 suspicious non-melanoma skin cancers were clinically diagnosed, 20 pathologically confirmed, and 2 melanomas detected. SS performed significantly better at selecting subjects with a family history of melanoma and I-II phototypes compared to OS. Conclusions: Prior evaluation of melanoma known risk factors allowed for effective selection of a population to screen at higher risk of developing a melanoma.

Keywords: melanoma; secondary prevention; screening (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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