Prevalence of Sexual Abuse in Adults with Intellectual Disability: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Raluca Tomsa, Smaranda Gutu, Daniel Cojocaru, Belén Gutiérrez-Bermejo, Noelia Flores and Cristina Jenaro
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Raluca Tomsa: Department of Psychology, University of Bucharest, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
Smaranda Gutu: Department of Psychology, University of Bucharest, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
Daniel Cojocaru: Department of Psychology, University of Bucharest, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
Belén Gutiérrez-Bermejo: PROTEDIS/Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain
Noelia Flores: INICO/Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37005 Salamanca, Spain
Cristina Jenaro: INICO/Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37005 Salamanca, Spain

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 4, 1-17

Abstract: This study presents the results of a systematic review on the prevalence of sexual abuse experienced in adulthood by individuals with intellectual disability. An electronic and manual search of academic journals was performed on four databases via EBSCO Host: Academic Search Complete, PsycINFO, Medline, CINAHL Full-Text. In addition, PubMed, ProQuest, and Web of Science (core collection) were searched. After an initial selection of 1037 documents, 25 articles remained for quantitative synthesis. The combined prevalence of sexual abuse in adults with intellectual disability was 32.9% (95% CI: 22.7–43.0) and sensitivity analysis revealed that the prevalence was not outweighed by a single study. Overall, the United Kingdom had the highest prevalence (r = 34.1%), and the USA had the lowest (r = 15.2%). The overall prevalence in females was lower (r = 31.8%) than that in males (r = 39.9%). Subgroup analyses revealed that prevalence of sexual abuse was higher in institutionalized individuals. The most prevalent profile of abuser is of a peer with intellectual disability. Prevalence increases from mild to severe levels of intellectual disability and decreases in profound levels. It is also more prevalent when the informant is the individual with intellectual disability than when someone else reports abuse. In sum, one in three adults with intellectual disability suffers sexual abuse in adulthood. Special attention should be paid for early detection and intervention in high risk situations.

Keywords: intellectual disability; sexual abuse; adults; prevalence; systematic review; meta-analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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