Key Factors Associated with Adherence to Physical Exercise in Patients with Chronic Diseases and Older Adults: An Umbrella Review

Daniel Collado-Mateo, Ana Myriam Lavín-Pérez, Cecilia Peñacoba, Juan Del Coso, Marta Leyton-Román, Antonio Luque-Casado, Pablo Gasque, Miguel Ángel Fernández-del-Olmo and Diana Amado-Alonso
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Daniel Collado-Mateo: Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada, 28943 Madrid, Spain
Ana Myriam Lavín-Pérez: Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada, 28943 Madrid, Spain
Cecilia Peñacoba: Department of Psychology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain
Juan Del Coso: Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada, 28943 Madrid, Spain
Marta Leyton-Román: Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada, 28943 Madrid, Spain
Antonio Luque-Casado: Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada, 28943 Madrid, Spain
Pablo Gasque: Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Motricity, Autónoma Univesity, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Miguel Ángel Fernández-del-Olmo: Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada, 28943 Madrid, Spain
Diana Amado-Alonso: Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada, 28943 Madrid, Spain

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 4, 1-24

Abstract: Physical inactivity is a major concern and poor adherence to exercise programs is often reported. The aim of this paper was to systematically review published reviews on the study of adherence to physical exercise in chronic patients and older adults and to identify those adherence-related key factors more frequently suggested by reviews for that population. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Results were classified considering the target population and participants’ characteristics to identify the most repeated factors obtained for each condition. Fifty-five articles were finally included. Fourteen key factors were identified as relevant to increase adherence to physical exercise by at least ten reviews: (a) characteristics of the exercise program, (b) involvement of professionals from different disciplines, (c) supervision, (d) technology, (e) initial exploration of participant’s characteristics, barriers, and facilitators, (f) participants education, adequate expectations and knowledge about risks and benefits, (g) enjoyment and absence of unpleasant experiences, (h) integration in daily living, (i) social support and relatedness, (j) communication and feedback, (k) available progress information and monitoring, (l) self-efficacy and competence, (m) participant’s active role and (n) goal setting. Therefore, adherence to physical exercise is affected by several variables that can be controlled and modified by researchers and professionals.

Keywords: barriers; facilitators; physical activity; lifestyle; cancer; cardiovascular disease; elderly; musculoskeletal disorders; obesity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (10)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:4:p:2023-:d:502043

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