Sex Differences in the Association between Atrial Fibrillation and 90-Day Adverse Outcomes among Older Adults with Heart Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Youn-Jung Son, Da-Young Kim and Mi Hwa Won
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Youn-Jung Son: Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
Da-Young Kim: Department of Nursing, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
Mi Hwa Won: Department of Nursing, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 5, 1-10

Abstract: Sex differences in the prognostic impact of coexisting atrial fibrillation (AF) in older patients with heart failure (HF) have not been well-studied. This study, therefore, compared sex differences in the association between AF and its 90-day adverse outcomes (hospital readmissions and emergency room (ER) visits) among older adults with HF. Of the 250 older adult patients, the prevalence rates of coexisting AF between male and female HF patients were 46.0% and 31.0%, respectively. In both male and female older patients, patients with AF have a significantly higher readmission rate (male 46.0%, and female 34.3%) than those without AF (male 6.8%, and female 12.8%). However, there are no significant differences in the association between AF and ER visits in both male and female older HF patients. The multivariate logistic analysis showed that coexisting AF significantly increased the risk of 90-day hospital readmission in both male and female older patients. In addition, older age in males and longer periods of time after an HF diagnosis in females were associated with an increased risk of hospital readmission. Consequently, prospective cohort studies are needed to identify the impact of coexisting AF on short- and long-term outcomes in older adult HF patients by sex.

Keywords: heart failure; older adults; atrial fibrillation; sex; patient readmission; emergencies; retrospective studies (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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