Association of Cardiorespiratory Fitness with Achievement Motivation in Physical Education in Adolescents

Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Javier Lamoneda and Francisco Javier Huertas-Delgado
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Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez: Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
Javier Lamoneda: PA-Help “Physical Activity for Health Promotion” Research Group, Junta de Andalucia, 11403 Jerez de la Frontera, Spain
Francisco Javier Huertas-Delgado: PA-Help “Physical Activity for Health Promotion” Research Group, La Inmaculada Teacher Training Centre, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 5, 1-10

Abstract: Cardiorespiratory fitness is an important health marker in adolescents. Thus, examining the relation between cardiorespiratory fitness and motivation should be important to increase health-related behaviors. This study aimed to describe adolescents’ cardiorespiratory fitness and motivation by gender and to analyze the association between two cardiorespiratory fitness tests (original and with music) and motivation. A total of 341 adolescents (14.2 ± 1.5 years, 52.2% girls) participated in this study. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using the 20 m shuttle run and its adaptation with music. Motivation was assessed though the “Achievement Motivation towards Physical Education” questionnaire. Boys presented with higher cardiorespiratory fitness and motivation (all, p < 0.05). Yet, when classifying fit and unfit groups, a higher percentage of girls were considered fit compared to boys (85.8% vs. 74.5%). A higher level of cardiorespiratory fitness (stages) and VO 2 max were associated with a higher level of motivation (self-perceived competence and compared competence) and lower anxiety (all p < 0.05). These associations with motivation were stronger when the music was present in the test. In this sense, including music in activities focused on cardiorespiratory fitness could increase the cardiorespiratory fitness performance and motivation, especially in girls. It should be important to increase adolescents’ cardiorespiratory fitness levels in order to increase motivation in physical education lessons and to include more motivational activities in order to achieve higher performance.

Keywords: physical fitness; competence; music; youth; sex; shuttle run test; physical activity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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