Large Questionnaire Survey on Sleep Duration and Insomnia Using the TV Hybridcast System by Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK)

Kazuki Ito, Hiroshi Kadotani, Isa Okajima, Ayaka Ubara, Mamoru Ichikawa, Chie Omichi, Towa Miyamoto, Arichika Matsuda, Yukiyoshi Sumi and Hirotoshi Kitagawa
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Kazuki Ito: Department of Anesthesiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
Hiroshi Kadotani: Department of Sleep and Behavioral Sciences, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
Isa Okajima: Department of Sleep and Behavioral Sciences, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
Ayaka Ubara: Department of Sleep and Behavioral Sciences, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
Mamoru Ichikawa: Japan Broadcasting Corporation, Tokyo 150-8001, Japan
Chie Omichi: Department of Sleep and Behavioral Sciences, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
Towa Miyamoto: Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
Arichika Matsuda: Department of Sleep and Behavioral Sciences, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
Yukiyoshi Sumi: Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
Hirotoshi Kitagawa: Department of Anesthesiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 5, 1-10

Abstract: Background: Japanese people are known to have the shortest sleep duration in the world. To date, no study has assessed a large Japanese population for insomnia and sleep duration. Methods: We performed an ?nternet-based survey in association with a national television (TV) program. Questionnaire data were collected not only through personal computers, tablets, and smartphones, but also through the Hybridcast system, which combines broadcasts over airwaves with broadband data provided via the Internet using the TV remote controller. The Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) was used to assess insomnia. Results: A total of 301,241 subjects participated in the survey. Participants slept for an average of 5.96 ± 1.13 h; the average AIS score was 6.82 ± 3.69. A total of 26.1% of male and 27.1% of female participants had both insomnia (AIS ? 6) and short sleep duration (<6 h). Responses were recorded through the Hybridcast system for 76.4% of the elderly (age ? 65 years) subjects and through personal computers, tablets, or smartphones for 59.9–82.7% of the younger subjects (age ? 65 years). Conclusions: Almost a quarter of the Japanese participants presented short sleep duration and insomnia. Furthermore, the Hybridcast system may be useful for performing large internet-based surveys, especially for elderly individuals.

Keywords: insomnia; sleep duration; internet survey; hybridcast; bidirectional network; TV program; participation bias (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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