Development of Nationwide Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk Evaluation Methods with Comprehensive Past Asbestos Exposure Reconstruction

Dongmug Kang, Seung Ho Lee, Yoon Ji Kim, Tae Kyoung Kim, Ju Young Kim and Youngki Kim
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Dongmug Kang: Department of Preventive and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Medical College, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
Seung Ho Lee: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea
Yoon Ji Kim: Department of Preventive and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Medical College, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
Tae Kyoung Kim: Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
Ju Young Kim: Environmental Health Center of Asbestos, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea
Youngki Kim: Department of Preventive and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Medical College, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 6, 1-20

Abstract: Although exposure to asbestos via various routes has been acknowledged, comprehensive exposure and risk assessment methods have not been developed at the national level. We conducted a study to reconstruct comprehensive past asbestos exposure estimations and to suggest a method to calculate the Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) of Koreans. The past occupational exposure reconstruction was conducted by rebuilding the previous general population job-exposure matrix (JEM). The para-occupational and household exposure estimation was based on the pooled analysis of data from other countries as well as Korea. The neighborhood exposure from occupational sources by distance was estimated by the exponential decay model. As a result, 141 JEM exposure groups across four periods including ~79, the 80s, 90s, 2000s with a ratio of 2.0:1.0:0.5:0.05 were reconstructed. The para-occupational and household exposures were 11% and 1% of the JEM respectively. The environmental exposure source concentration from outside occupational exposure was 2.5% of the inside concentration. The ratio of the concentration of environmental exposure source (C 0 ) to distance d (C d ) was e x p ? k d with a decay constant k of 6.834. The mean concentrations (f/cc) were 2.28 × 10 ?3 for outdoor, 4.65 × 10 ?5 for indoor, 1.95 × 10 ?2 for transportation activity, 4.44 × 10 ?2 for agricultural activity, and 4.68 × 10 ?2 for daily life activity in naturally occurring asbestos areas. Indoor and outdoor asbestos concentrations from living in a slate roof house were 1.73 × 10 ?6 and 2.70 × 10 ?8 , respectively. For improved generalizability, validity, and applicability of the proposed method, further studies on each route with real assessments and experiments are required.

Keywords: asbestos; past; excess; lifetime; cancer; risk; occupational; environmental; exposure; Korea (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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