Morphometric Analysis of the Mandibular Canal, Anterior Loop, and Mental Foramen: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Evaluation

Altayeb Abdalla Ahmed, Rawia Mohamed Ahmed, Ahmed Jamleh and Gianrico Spagnuolo
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Altayeb Abdalla Ahmed: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
Rawia Mohamed Ahmed: Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
Ahmed Jamleh: King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
Gianrico Spagnuolo: Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 7, 1-11

Abstract: This study investigated the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based features of the mandibular canal, mental foramen, anterior loop, and accessory mental foramina with respect to age and sex. A total of 306 CBCT mandibular images were included in this retrospective study to measure the mandibular canal location and extension, the mental foramen position, the presence of the anterior loop, and the accessory mental foramina. The measurements were obtained in sagittal, coronal, and axial views. Descriptive statistics are presented. Sex-related differences, correlations, and comparisons were calculated using SPSS at 5% significance level. The mandibular canal was located more coronal and medial in male patients. The majority of cases had the mental foramen located just apical to the mandibular second premolar with a mean height of 2.94 mm and a mean length of 3.28 mm. Age affected the size of the mental foramen. The mental canal in all cases tended to show a coronal direction. Mesial extension of the anterior loop was found in 66.01% of the images while accessory mental foramina were detected in 2.6%. The complexity of the mandibular canal, mental foramen, anterior loop, and accessory mental foramina among Sudanese patients with respect to age and sex was confirmed.

Keywords: anterior loop; accessory mental foramina; cone-beam computed tomography; mandibular canal; mental canal; mental foramen (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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