Gait Performance as an Indicator of Cognitive Deficit in Older People

Juan Antonio Párraga-Montilla, Diana Patricia Pozuelo-Carrascosa, Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres, José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera, Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca and Pedro Ángel Latorre-Román
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Juan Antonio Párraga-Montilla: Department of Didactics of Music, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
Diana Patricia Pozuelo-Carrascosa: Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing of Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45005 Toledo, Spain
Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres: Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing of Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45005 Toledo, Spain
José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera: Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing of Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45005 Toledo, Spain
Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca: Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing of Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45005 Toledo, Spain
Pedro Ángel Latorre-Román: Department of Didactics of Music, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 7, 1-13

Abstract: Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze which gait variables are the best for detecting cognitive impairment and to determine if age and gender can influence gait variations in older people. Methods: 65 participants took part in this study (22 men and 43 women; age: 73.88 ± 9.56 years). We use the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to assess mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Gait speed (GS) and the complex gait test (CGT) were analyzed with photocells Witty (Microgate, Italia). The OptoGait system (Microgate, Italia) was used to analyze step length (SL) and step coefficient of variation (CV sl). Results: There was a significant association between MoCA and SL (r = 0.420; p = 0.002), CV sl (r = ?0.591; p < 0.001), and CGT (r = ?0.406; p = 0.001). Instrumental activities of daily living showed significant association with SL (r = 0.563; p < 0.001); CV sl (r = ?0.762; p < 0.001), CGT (r = ?0.622; p < 0.001), and GS (r = 0.418; p < 0.001). CV sl showed the best results with MoCA when linear regression analysis was applied (R 2 = 0.560; p = 0.007; Y = 23.669 ? 0.320x). Participants older than 79 years showed lower MoCA scores and poorer gait parameters than people younger than 79 years. Conclusions: CV sl, SL, CGT, and GS make it possible to detect MCI in older people, especially when these variables are evaluated as a whole.

Keywords: clinical evaluation; cognitive impairment; cognitive task; fitness; functional evaluation; gait performance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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