Timing of Cervico-Vaginal Cytokine Collection during Pregnancy and Preterm Birth: A Comparative Analysis in the PRINCESA Cohort

Miatta A. Buxton, Noemi Meraz-Cruz, Brisa N. Sanchez, Betsy Foxman, Marisol Castillo-Castrejon, Marie S. O’Neill and Felipe Vadillo-Ortega
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Miatta A. Buxton: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Noemi Meraz-Cruz: Unidad de Vinculación Científica de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico
Brisa N. Sanchez: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Betsy Foxman: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Marisol Castillo-Castrejon: Stephenson Cancer Center, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
Marie S. O’Neill: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Felipe Vadillo-Ortega: Unidad de Vinculación Científica de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 7, 1-9

Abstract: Preterm birth (PTB), defined as birth before 37 completed weeks of gestation, is a major cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Inflammation is an important component in the physiopathologic pathway leading to PTB but results from cross-sectional studies on associations between inflammation, as measured by cytokines, and PTB are inconsistent. Timing of cytokine measurement during pregnancy varies between studies and may contribute to inconsistent findings. We investigated the effects of timing on associations between 16 cervico-vaginal cytokines (Eotaxin, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-17, IL-1RA, sIL-2r?, IL-1a, IL-1?, IL-2, IL-6, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1?, MIP-1?, TNF?, and VEGF) and PTB among 90 women throughout pregnancy. We used logistic regression to compare associations between concentrations of cervico-vaginal cytokines from periods in pregnancy and PTB. Trimester 1 cytokines had the strongest positive associations with PTB; for example, OR = 1.76 (95% confidence interval: 1.28, 2.42) for IL-6. Second and third trimester associations were weaker but largely positive. IL-1? was the only cytokine with a negative association (trimesters 2, 3 and overall pregnancy). Strong first trimester associations between cytokines and PTB suggest that measuring cytokines early in pregnancy may hold promise for early identification of PTB risk. Variations in cytokine measurement during pregnancy may contribute to inconsistencies among studies.

Keywords: longitudinal data; inflammation; preterm birth; comparative analysis; timing of sample collection during pregnancy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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