Periodontitis Prevalence, Severity, and Risk Factors: A Comparison of the AAP/CDC Case Definition and the EFP/AAP Classification

Meliha Germen, Ulku Baser, Cagdas Caglar Lacin, Erhan Fıratlı, Halim İşsever and Funda Yalcin
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Meliha Germen: Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, 34134 Istanbul, Turkey
Ulku Baser: Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, 34134 Istanbul, Turkey
Cagdas Caglar Lacin: Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, 34134 Istanbul, Turkey
Erhan Fıratlı: Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, 34134 Istanbul, Turkey
Halim İşsever: Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medical, University of Istanbul, 34104 Istanbul, Turkey
Funda Yalcin: Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, 34134 Istanbul, Turkey

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 7, 1-8

Abstract: Background: This cross-sectional study evaluated the utility of the 2018 European Federation of Periodontology/American Academy of Periodontology (EFP/AAP) classifications of epidemiological studies in terms of periodontitis severity, prevalence and associated risk factors and the 2012 American Academy of Periodontology/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (AAP/CDC) case definitions. Methods: We included 488 participants aged 35–74 years. Measurements were recorded at six sites per tooth by two qualified examiners. The evaluated parameters included pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP). Periodontitis prevalence and severity were reported using the 2018 EFP/AAP classification and the AAP/CDC case definitions. The data were stratified by recognized risk factors (age, diabetes and smoking status). Results: The 2018 EFP/AAP classification indicated that all patients suffered from periodontitis. When CAL served as the main criterion, the frequency of patients with severe (Stages III–IV) periodontitis was 54%. When the AAP/CDC case definitions were applied, the prevalence of periodontitis was 61.9% and that of severe periodontitis 16.8%. Age was the most significant risk factor, regardless of the chosen case definition. Conclusion: It is essential to employ a globalized standard case definition when monitoring periodontitis and associated risk factors.

Keywords: periodontitis; prevalence; risk factors; smoking; age; systemic disease; diabetes; classification (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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