Multiple Unhealthy Behaviors Share Equivalent Profiles of Readiness for Change in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Ana María Salinas Martínez, Ruth Isabel Gómez Campusano, Hid Felizardo Cordero Franco, Karen Abigail Chávez Barrón, Cecilia Janeth Gutiérrez Sauceda, Francisco Javier Guzmán de la Garza and Georgina Mayela Núñez Rocha
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Ana María Salinas Martínez: School of Public Health and Nutrition, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
Ruth Isabel Gómez Campusano: School of Public Health and Nutrition, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
Hid Felizardo Cordero Franco: Epidemiologic and Health Services Research Unit, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Monterrey 64360, Mexico
Karen Abigail Chávez Barrón: Epidemiologic and Health Services Research Unit, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Monterrey 64360, Mexico
Cecilia Janeth Gutiérrez Sauceda: Epidemiologic and Health Services Research Unit, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Monterrey 64360, Mexico
Francisco Javier Guzmán de la Garza: Epidemiologic and Health Services Research Unit, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Monterrey 64360, Mexico
Georgina Mayela Núñez Rocha: School of Public Health and Nutrition, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, Mexico

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 7, 1-10

Abstract: Few studies have considered more than one behavior, despite the tendency towards multiple behaviors, and there are none that have focused on a Latino population. We determined the concurrence of four unhealthy behaviors related to glycemic control and identified common cognitive factors at advanced stages of readiness for change in patients with type 2 diabetes treated in primary care. A cross-sectional study was carried out during August–December 2018 in northeastern Mexico. We consecutively included patients between 20 and 70 years who were without medical contraindication, physical impediment against exercise, pregnancy and edentulism, among other selection criteria ( n = 407). Stages of behavior were measured according to the Transtheoretical Model. Pros, cons, self-efficacy, susceptibility, and severity data were collected by interview. Statistical analysis consisted of descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression. A total of 36.7% exhibited more than one unhealthy behavior in precontemplation or contemplation (no interest or some interest in changing consumption of refined sugars and saturated fats, exercise, or oral hygiene behavior). Cons ( p < 0.05) and self-efficacy ( p < 0.001) were common to all four unhealthy behaviors, independent of potential confounders. Studies like ours facilitate the recognition of individuals with multiple unhealthy behaviors who share equivalent profiles of readiness for change before implementing public health programs.

Keywords: health behavior; diabetes; stages of change; transtheoretical Model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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