Long-Term Iron and Vitamin B12 Deficiency Are Present after Bariatric Surgery, despite the Widespread Use of Supplements

Mauro Lombardo, Arianna Franchi, Roberto Biolcati Rinaldi, Gianluca Rizzo, Monica D’Adamo, Valeria Guglielmi, Alfonso Bellia, Elvira Padua, Massimiliano Caprio and Paolo Sbraccia
Additional contact information
Mauro Lombardo: Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
Arianna Franchi: Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
Roberto Biolcati Rinaldi: Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
Gianluca Rizzo: Independent Researcher, Via Venezuela 66, 98121 Messina, Italy
Monica D’Adamo: Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
Valeria Guglielmi: Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
Alfonso Bellia: Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
Elvira Padua: Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
Massimiliano Caprio: Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
Paolo Sbraccia: Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 9, 1-9

Abstract: There are few long-term nutritional studies in subjects undergoing bariatric surgery that have assessed weight regain and nutritional deficiencies. In this study, we report data 8 years after surgery on weight loss, use of dietary supplements and deficit of micronutrients in a cohort of patients from five centres in central and northern Italy. The study group consisted of 52 subjects (age: 38.1 ± 10.6 y, 42 females): 16 patients had Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), 25 patients had sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and 11 subjects had adjustable gastric banding (AGB). All three bariatric procedures led to sustained weight loss: the average percentage excess weight loss, defined as weight loss divided by excess weight based on ideal body weight, was 60.6% ± 32.3. Despite good adherence to prescribed supplements, 80.7% of subjects (72.7%, AGB; 76.7%, SG; 93.8 %, RYGB) reported at least one nutritional deficiency: iron (F 64.3% vs. M 30%), vitamin B12 (F 16.6% vs. M 10%), calcium (F 33.3% vs. M 0%) and vitamin D (F 38.1% vs. M 60%). Long-term nutritional deficiencies were greater than the general population among men for iron and among women for vitamin B12.

Keywords: iron; vitamin D; vitamin B12; Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; sleeve gastrectomy; adjustable gastric banding; nutritional deficiency; bariatric surgery (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4541/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4541/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:9:p:4541-:d:542928

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().