Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Adherence to Preventive Measures in Cuenca, Ecuador, October 2020, a Cross-Sectional Study

David Acurio-Páez, Bernardo Vega, Daniel Orellana, Ricardo Charry, Andrea Gómez, Michael Obimpeh, Veronique Verhoeven and Robert Colebunders
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David Acurio-Páez: Faculty of Medical Science, Universidad de Cuenca, 010202 Cuenca, Ecuador
Bernardo Vega: Faculty of Medical Science, Universidad de Cuenca, 010202 Cuenca, Ecuador
Daniel Orellana: Grupo de Investigación LlactaLAB—Ciudades Sustentables, Universidad de Cuenca, 010203 Cuenca, Ecuador
Ricardo Charry: Faculty of Medical Science, Universidad de Cuenca, 010202 Cuenca, Ecuador
Andrea Gómez: School of Public Health, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
Michael Obimpeh: Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
Veronique Verhoeven: Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
Robert Colebunders: Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 9, 1-12

Abstract: A door-to-door survey was organised in Cuenca, Ecuador, to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 infection and adherence of the population to COVID-19 preventive measures. A total of 2457 persons participated in the study; 584 (23.7%) reported having experienced at least one flu-like symptom since the onset of the pandemic. The maximum SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Cuenca was 13.2% (CI: 12–14.6%) (IgM or IgG positive). Considering PCR confirmed infections, the prevalence was 11% (CI: 10–12.4%). There was no significant difference in seroprevalence between rural and urban areas. Participants aged 35–49 years old, living with a COVID-19 positive person, at least six people in a household, physical contact with someone outside the household, a contact with a person outside the home with flu-like symptoms, using public transport, and not having enough resources for living, significantly increased the odds for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity. Overall, there was good adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures. Having known someone who tested positive for COVID-19, having a primary or secondary level of education, and having enough resources for living, significantly increased the odds for higher adherence. In conclusion, despite good overall adherence of the population of Cuenca with COVID-19 preventive measures, our study suggests high ongoing COVID-19 transmission in Cuenca, particularly in certain parishes. Prevention should not only focus on behavioural change, but on intensified testing strategies in demographical risk groups.

Keywords: COVID-19; prevalence; IgM antibodies; IgG antibodies; PCR test; adherence; preventive measures; Ecuador (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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