Virulence and Drug-Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Venous Ulcers in Polish Patients

Mateusz Gajda, Emilia Załugowicz, Monika Pomorska-Wesołowska, Tomasz Bochenek, Barbara Gryglewska, Dorota Romaniszyn, Agnieszka Chmielarczyk and Jadwiga Wójkowska-Mach
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Mateusz Gajda: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 31-121 Krakow, Poland
Emilia Załugowicz: Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
Monika Pomorska-Wesołowska: Department of Microbiology, Analytical and Microbiological Laboratory of Ruda Śląska KORLAB NZOZ, 41-703 Ruda Śląska, Poland
Tomasz Bochenek: Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 31-066 Krakow, Poland
Barbara Gryglewska: Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 31-531 Krakow, Poland
Dorota Romaniszyn: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 31-121 Krakow, Poland
Agnieszka Chmielarczyk: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 31-121 Krakow, Poland
Jadwiga Wójkowska-Mach: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 31-121 Krakow, Poland

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 9, 1-12

Abstract: Infected chronic venous ulcers (VUs) represent a major health problem. We analysed the aerobic microbiome in the VUs, the virulence, and drug-resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) strains. Swabs from 143 outpatients and inpatients Polish subjects were collected. SA strains were tested for drug sensitivity using a phenotyping method and for methicillin-resistant SA (MRSA) and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance using PCR. We analysed virulence genes, the genetic similarity of strains, and performed Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec typing and Staphylococcal protein A typing. SA was isolated as a single one in 34.9% of cases, 31.5% paired with another pathogen, and 33.6% S. aureus combined with at least two other strains. The majority of SA isolates (68.5%) possessed the virulence lukE gene. Drug resistance was significantly common in hospitalised than in ambulatory patients (OR 3.8; 95%CI 1.8–7.91). MLSB (altogether in 19.6% isolates) were observed mostly in non-hospitalised patients (OR 9.1; 95%CI 1.17–71.02), while MRSA was detected in 11.9% of strains equally. Hospitalisation and patient’s age group (aged > 78.0 or < 54.5 years) were significant predictors of the multi-drug resistant SA (MDR-SA). Over 30% of the infected VUs were associated with multi-species biofilms and presence of potentially highly pathogenic microorganisms. Elderly hospitalised patients with chronic venous ulcers are prone to be infected with a MDR-SA.

Keywords: drug resistance; leg ulcers; Staphylococcus aureus; virulence (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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