Segmental Phase Angle and Body Composition Fluctuation of Elite Ski Jumpers between Summer and Winter FIS Competitions

Agnieszka Ostachowska-Gąsior, Monika Piwowar and Joanna Zając
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Agnieszka Ostachowska-Gąsior: Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawinska 8 st., 31-066 Kraków, Poland
Monika Piwowar: Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7e st., 31-034 Kraków, Poland
Joanna Zając: Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7 st., 31-034 Kraków, Poland

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 9, 1-17

Abstract: (1) Background: The purpose of this study was to observe segmental phase angle (PhA) and body composition fluctuation of elite ski jumpers. (2) Methods: In the study, 12 professional ski jumpers took part. Body composition was estimated with segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Repeated ANOVA was used to check the parameters’ variability in time. The symmetry between the right and left side of the body was verified with the t -test for dependent samples. Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient was calculated. (3) Results: The most stable parameter was body weight. An increase in the visceral fat area was noted, the fat-free mass dropped, and significant changes were noted in the internal and external cell water parameters. Parameters connected with water between the right and left side of the body were symmetrical. Significant correlation between PhA values and body parameters with regard to fat tissue and PhA values of the legs was noticed when PhA was measured at 50 kHz. (4) Conclusions: PhA could be considered as a ski jumper body symmetry monitoring tool. The described relationship may be useful for the assessment of body fat change, which, in the case of jumpers, is crucial. Moreover, our data suggest that segmental PhA evaluation could be a good solution for ski jumpers as a confirmation if lowered body mass and low BMI are still healthy and increase the chance for longer jumps and good performance.

Keywords: body symmetry; ski jumpers; segmental phase angle; visceral fat area; BIA; winter sports; nutritional status (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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