Food Sources of Shortfall Nutrients among Latin Americans: Results from the Latin American Study of Health and Nutrition (ELANS)

Ana Carolina Barco Leme, Regina Mara Fisberg, Aline Veroneze de Mello, Cristiane Hermes Sales, Gerson Ferrari, Jess Haines, Attilo Rigotti, Georgina Gómez, Irina Kovalskys, Lilia Yadira Cortés Sanabria, Marianella Herrera-Cuenca, Martha Cecília Yépez Garcia, Rossina G. Pareja and Mauro Fisberg
Additional contact information
Ana Carolina Barco Leme: Center for Excellence in Nutrition and Feeding Difficulties, Sabará Children’s Hospital, PENSI Institute, São Paulo 012228-200, Brazil
Regina Mara Fisberg: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
Aline Veroneze de Mello: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
Cristiane Hermes Sales: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
Gerson Ferrari: Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Escuela de Ciências de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Santiago 750-0618, Chile
Jess Haines: Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
Attilo Rigotti: Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, Department of Nutrition, Diabetes, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 833-0024, Chile
Georgina Gómez: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
Irina Kovalskys: Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina, Buenas Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina
Lilia Yadira Cortés Sanabria: Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Pontifical Univeristy of Javeriana, Bogota 1101111, Colombia
Marianella Herrera-Cuenca: Center for Development Studies, Central University of Venezuela/Bengoa Foundation, Caracas 1010, Venezuela
Martha Cecília Yépez Garcia: College of Health Science, University of San Francisco Quito, Quito 17-1200-841, Ecuador
Rossina G. Pareja: Nutrition Research Institute, La Molina, Lima 15026, Peru
Mauro Fisberg: Center for Excellence in Nutrition and Feeding Difficulties, Sabará Children’s Hospital, PENSI Institute, São Paulo 012228-200, Brazil

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 9, 1-12

Abstract: Increased consumption of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods can lead to inadequate intakes of shortfall nutrients, including vitamin A, D, C, and E, dietary folate, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, and fiber. The objective was to examine the prevalence of inadequate intake of shortfall nutrients and identify food sources of shortfall nutrients in eight Latin American countries. Data from ELANS, a multi-country, population-based study of 9218 adolescents and adults were used. Dietary intake was collected through two 24 h Recalls from participants living in urban areas of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Foods and beverages were classified using the adapted version of the NHANES “What We Eat in America” system. Nutrients inadequacy was estimated using the Institute of Medicine recommendations and descriptive statistics were calculated. Prevalence of inadequacy was above 50% for most of the nutrients, which the exception of vitamin C with a prevalence of inadequacy of 39%. Milk, cheese, seafoods, breads, and fruit juices/drinks were among the top 5 sources for each of the 10 shortfall nutrients examined. Many food categories were top contributors to more than one dietary component examined. Understanding the nutrient intake and food sources can help inform dietary guidance and intervention approaches.

Keywords: Latin Americans; food sources; shortfall nutrients; diet intake; ELANS; cross-sectional (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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