Effect of Craniofacial Morphology on Pharyngeal Airway Volume Measured Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)—A Retrospective Pilot Study

Rohan Diwakar, Anuraj Singh Kochhar, Harshita Gupta, Harneet Kaur, Maninder Singh Sidhu, Helen Skountrianos, Gurkeerat Singh and Michele Tepedino
Additional contact information
Rohan Diwakar: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, PDM Dental College and Research Institute, Bahadurgarh, Haryana 124507, India
Anuraj Singh Kochhar: Former Consultant Orthodontist Max Hospital Gurgaon, Haryana 122001, India
Harshita Gupta: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana 121002, India
Harneet Kaur: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
Maninder Singh Sidhu: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
Helen Skountrianos: Private Practice, Orthodontic Excellence, Puyallup, WA 98373, USA
Gurkeerat Singh: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana 121002, India
Michele Tepedino: Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Viale S. Salvatore, Edificio Delta 6, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 9, 1-11

Abstract: Background: The present study aimed to determine the correlation between pharyngeal airway volume and craniofacial morphology through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Additionally, the study analyzed the influence of gender on pharyngeal airway volume. (2) Methods: 80 CBCT scans of 40 male and 40 female patients (mean age: 15.38 + 1.10 years) fulfilling the eligibility criteria were included. CBCT scans were evaluated for pharyngeal airway volume using the In Vivo Dental 5.1 software. Additionally, CBCT-derived lateral cephalograms were used to assess various craniofacial morphology parameters. To examine the influences of gender on airway volume, T-test was carried out. Correlation between airway volume and craniofacial parameters were measured using Pearson correlation followed by regression analysis. The value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean airway volume was significantly greater in males than in females. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between maxillary plane inclination and pharyngeal airway volume. In contrast, a positive correlation was observed between mandibular length and lower molar inclination with oropharyngeal and total pharyngeal airway volume. Females showed a statistically significant positive correlation between the pharyngeal airway volume and sagittal position of maxilla and mandible; they also showed a negative correlation between oropharyngeal airway volume and the mandibular plane angle. Conclusions: Overall, the pharyngeal airway space differs significantly between males and females. Craniofacial morphology does have a significant effect on the pharyngeal airway, especially on the oropharyngeal airway volume.

Keywords: pharynx; airway; cone-beam computed tomography; cephalometry; craniofacial morphology (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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