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Vitamin D and Depressive Symptoms in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis: A Scoping Review

Carmen Concerto, Alessandro Rodolico, Alessia Ciancio, Christian Messina, Antimo Natale, Ludovico Mineo, Fortunato Battaglia and Eugenio Aguglia
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Carmen Concerto: Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
Alessandro Rodolico: Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
Alessia Ciancio: Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
Christian Messina: MS Center, Department “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
Antimo Natale: Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
Ludovico Mineo: Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
Fortunato Battaglia: Department of Medical Sciences, Neurology and Psychiatry, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
Eugenio Aguglia: Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 19, issue 1, 1-21

Abstract: Background. Vitamin D deficiency has been correlated with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) risk and disease activity. There is some controversy as to whether vitamin D could have an impact on depressive symptoms in people with MS (pwMS). The aim of this scoping review was to evaluate the association between vitamin D status and depressive symptoms in pwMS. Methods. We searched databases to include studies published up to March 2021 to provide an overview of the available evidence on the correlation between vitamin D status and depressive symptoms in pwMS. The eligibility criteria were as follows: studies evaluating the use of vitamin D measurement on depressive symptoms in patients suffering from MS, including randomized and non-randomized studies; studies written in English; and studies exploring an adult population over the age of 18. Results. Eleven studies met our inclusion criteria: two of them were abstracts only; the majority were cross-sectional studies; two were prospective longitudinal studies; one was a retrospective cohort study; and one was a randomized placebo-controlled trial (RCT). Of the eleven studies selected, seven showed a potential correlation between low vitamin D levels and depressive symptoms. Conclusion. Future RCT studies should include patients with greater severity of depressive symptoms and should consider confounding factors such as sun exposure and seasonal variation of vitamin D.

Keywords: depression; Multiple Sclerosis; vitamin D (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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