Association of Pregestational BMI and Gestational Weight Gain with Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Adolescents and Adults from Mexico City

Reyna Sámano, Gabriela Chico-Barba, María Eugenia Flores-Quijano, Estela Godínez-Martínez, Hugo Martínez-Rojano, Luis Ortiz-Hernandez, Oralia Nájera-Medina, María Hernández-Trejo and Cristopher Hurtado-Solache
Additional contact information
Reyna Sámano: Coordinación de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
Gabriela Chico-Barba: Coordinación de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
María Eugenia Flores-Quijano: Coordinación de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
Estela Godínez-Martínez: Coordinación de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
Hugo Martínez-Rojano: Sección de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
Luis Ortiz-Hernandez: Programa de Posgrado Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
Oralia Nájera-Medina: Programa de Posgrado Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
María Hernández-Trejo: Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
Cristopher Hurtado-Solache: Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Valle de México-Chapultepec, Mexico City 11810, Mexico

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 19, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: During pregnancy, adolescents experience physiological changes different from adults because they have not concluded their physical growth. Therefore, maternal and neonatal outcomes may not be the same. This paper aimed to analyze the association between pregestational BMI (pBMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with maternal and neonatal outcomes in adolescent and adult pregnant women. The authors performed an observational study that included 1112 women, where 52.6% ( n = 585) were adolescents. Sociodemographic information, pBMI, GWG, neonatal anthropometric measures, and maternal and neonatal outcomes were obtained. Adolescent women had a mean lower (21.4 vs. 26.2, p ≤ 0.001) pBMI than adults and a higher gestational weight gain (12.3 vs. 10.7 kg, p ≤ 0.001). According to Poisson regression models, gestational diabetes is positively associated with insufficient GWG and with pregestational obesity. Furthermore, the probability of developing pregnancy-induced hypertension increased with pBMI of obesity compared to normal weight. Preeclampsia, anemia, and preterm birth were not associated with GWG. Insufficient GWG was a risk factor, and being overweight was a protective factor for low birth weight and small for gestational age. We conclude that pBMI, GWG, and age group were associated only with gestational diabetes and low birth weight.

Keywords: adolescent pregnancy; perinatal outcomes; preeclampsia; anemia; Mexico (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2021:i:1:p:280-:d:712395

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