New Evidence on Regucalcin, Body Composition, and Walking Ability Adaptations to Multicomponent Exercise Training in Functionally Limited and Frail Older Adults

Jorge Pérez-Gómez, Pedro C. Redondo, David Navarrete-Villanueva, Gabriel Lozano-Berges, Ignacio Ara, Marcela González-Gross, José A. Casajus and Germán Vicente-Rodríguez
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Jorge Pérez-Gómez: HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
Pedro C. Redondo: Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
David Navarrete-Villanueva: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2- (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 22001 Huesca, Spain
Gabriel Lozano-Berges: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2- (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 22001 Huesca, Spain
Ignacio Ara: GENUD Toledo Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
Marcela González-Gross: ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
José A. Casajus: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2- (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 22001 Huesca, Spain
Germán Vicente-Rodríguez: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2- (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 22001 Huesca, Spain

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 19, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Background: Regucalcin, or senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30), is a Ca 2+ -binding protein with multiple functions reported in the literature. Physical exercise has been shown to improve aging markers; nevertheless, SMP30 in humans has not been extensively researched. Older adults experience a decline in functional capacity and body composition. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a multicomponent training (MCT) program on SMP30 and its regulation of walking ability and body composition in functionally limited, frail, and pre-frail older adults. Methods: A total of 34 older adults (aged 80.3 ± 6.1 years) were divided into an intervention group (IG = 20) and control group (CG = 14). The IG performed a supervised MCT (strength, endurance, balance, coordination, and flexibility) program for 6 months, 3 days per week, whereas the CG continued their normal lives without any specific physical training. SMP30 was analyzed in plasma after 3 and 6 months of MCT, while some physical fitness variables (Timed Up and Go (TUG) and 6-min walk test (6MWT)) and body composition (fat mass and lean mass) were measured at baseline, as well as after 3 months and 6 months of MCT. Results: No significant changes were observed in SPM30 between the IG (877.5 a.u. to 940.5 a.u., respectively) and CG (790.4 a.u. to 763.8 a.u., respectively). Moreover, no SMP30 differences were found between groups after 3 and 6 months of MCT. The IG improved significantly in the 6MWT after 3 months (472.2 ± 84.2 m) compared to baseline (411.2 ± 75.2 m). The IG also significantly enhanced their TUG performance after 3 months (7.6 ± 1.6 s) and 6 months (7.3 ± 1.8 s) of training compared to baseline (9.3 ± 3.2 s) (all, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in body composition between the IG and CG through the 6 months of MCT. Conclusions: The present study suggests that MCT did not change SMP30 levels from 3 to 6 months, where there were changes in neither walking ability nor body composition; however, MCT was effective in improving 6MWT and TUG performance from baseline to 3 months.

Keywords: endurance training; human; physical exercise; physical fitness; strength training (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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