Psychopathology and Stem Cell Mobilization in Ultra-High Risk of Psychosis and First-Episode Psychosis Patients

Katarzyna Waszczuk, Jolanta Kucharska-Mazur, Ernest Tyburski, Katarzyna Rek-Owodziń, Piotr Plichta, Krzysztof Rudkowski, Piotr Podwalski, Tomasz Grąźlewski, Monika Mak, Błażej Misiak, Anna Michalczyk, Maciej Tarnowski, Katarzyna Sielatycka, Angelika Szczęśniak, Karolina Łuczkowska, Barbara Dołęgowska, Marta Budkowska, Mariusz Z. Ratajczak and Jerzy Samochowiec
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Katarzyna Waszczuk: Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 26, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
Jolanta Kucharska-Mazur: Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 26, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
Ernest Tyburski: Department of Health Psychology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 26, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
Katarzyna Rek-Owodziń: Department of Health Psychology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 26, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
Piotr Plichta: Department of Health Psychology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 26, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
Krzysztof Rudkowski: Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 26, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
Piotr Podwalski: Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 26, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
Tomasz Grąźlewski: Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 26, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
Monika Mak: Department of Health Psychology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 26, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
Błażej Misiak: Department of Psychiatry, Division of Consultation Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
Anna Michalczyk: Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 26, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
Maciej Tarnowski: Department of Physiology, Pomeranian University of Medicine, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
Katarzyna Sielatycka: Institute of Biology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Szczecin, Felczaka 3c, 71-415 Szczecin, Poland
Angelika Szczęśniak: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
Karolina Łuczkowska: Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
Barbara Dołęgowska: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
Marta Budkowska: Department of Medical Analytics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
Mariusz Z. Ratajczak: Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
Jerzy Samochowiec: Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 26, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 10, 1-13

Abstract: Although regenerative and inflammatory processes are involved in the etiopathogenesis of many psychiatric disorders, their roles are poorly understood. We investigate the potential role of stem cells (SC) and factors influencing the trafficking thereof, such as complement cascade (CC) components, phospholipid substrates, and chemokines, in the etiology of schizophrenia. We measured sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), and CC cleavage fragments (C3a, C5a, and C5b-C9; also known as the membrane attack complex) in the peripheral blood of 49 unrelated patients: 9 patients with ultra-high risk of psychosis (UHR), 22 patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP), and 18 healthy controls (HC). When compared with the HC group, the UHR and FEP groups had higher levels of C3a. We found no significant differences in hematopoietic SC, very small embryonic-like stem cell (VSEL), C5a, S1P, or SDF-1 levels in the UHR and FEP groups. However, among FEP patients, there was a significant positive correlation between VSELs (CD133+) and negative symptoms. These preliminary findings support the role of the immune system and regenerative processes in the etiology of schizophrenia. To establish the relevance of SC and other factors affecting the trafficking thereof as potential biomarkers of schizophrenia, more studies on larger groups of individuals from across the disease spectrum are needed.

Keywords: stem cells; HSCs; VSELs; embryonic stem cells; high-risk psychosis; UHR; first-episode psychosis; schizophrenia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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