Efficacy and Safety of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Patients under Mechanical Ventilation with COVID-19 and Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Health Technology Assessment

Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo, Maribel M. Castro-Reyes, Verónica Peralta, Julissa E. Venancio-Huerta, Pablo R. Puescas-Sanchez and Eric R. Peña-Sanchez
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Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo: Health Technology Assessment Unit, Instituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación—IETSI, EsSalud, Lima 15072, Peru
Maribel M. Castro-Reyes: Health Technology Assessment Unit, Instituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación—IETSI, EsSalud, Lima 15072, Peru
Verónica Peralta: Health Technology Assessment Unit, Instituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación—IETSI, EsSalud, Lima 15072, Peru
Julissa E. Venancio-Huerta: Health Technology Assessment Unit, Instituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación—IETSI, EsSalud, Lima 15072, Peru
Pablo R. Puescas-Sanchez: Unidad Desconcertada Regional Lambayeque, Seguro Integral de Salud, Chiclayo 14008, Peru
Eric R. Peña-Sanchez: Health Technology Assessment Unit, Instituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación—IETSI, EsSalud, Lima 15072, Peru

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 10, 1-18

Abstract: We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients under mechanical ventilation with COVID-19 and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A systematic review of the literature published in PubMed, Cochrane Library and LILACS databases, was performed. A manual search was also conducted using the reference lists of the studies included in the full-text assessment, as well as a grey-literature search on Google. Additionally, websites of state institutions and organizations developing clinical practice guidelines and health technology assessments were reviewed. The ClinicalTrials.gov website was screened along with the websites of the International Clinical Trial Registry Platform and the National Registry of Health Research Projects of the Peruvian National Institute of Health. No restrictions were applied in terms of language, time, or country. A total of 13 documents were assessed, which included 7 clinical practice guidelines, 3 health technology assessments, 1 systematic review, 1 randomized clinical trial, and 1 observational study. A critical appraisal was conducted for each document. After this, we considered that the currently available evidence is insufficient for a conclusion supporting the use of ECMO in patients under mechanical ventilation with severe ARDS associated to COVID-19 in terms of mortality, safety, and quality of life.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; critical care outcomes; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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