Effect of Chest Resistance and Expansion Exercises on Respiratory Muscle Strength, Lung Function, and Thoracic Excursion in Children with a Post-Operative Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Alshimaa R. Azab, Walid Kamal Abdelbasset, Saud M. Alrawaili, Abbas Elbakry A. Elsayed, Mohammed Ibrahim Hajelbashir, FatmaAlzahraa H. Kamel and Maged A. Basha
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Alshimaa R. Azab: Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
Walid Kamal Abdelbasset: Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
Saud M. Alrawaili: Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
Abbas Elbakry A. Elsayed: Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
Mohammed Ibrahim Hajelbashir: Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
FatmaAlzahraa H. Kamel: Department of Physical Therapy for Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
Maged A. Basha: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical Rehabilitation, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 10, 1-10

Abstract: Background. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a life-threatening condition with long-term complications including respiratory tract infections, respiratory muscle weakness, and abnormal lung functions. This study was designed to ascertain the effects of chest resistance and chest expansion exercises on respiratory muscle strength, lung function, and chest mobility in children with post-operative CDH. Methods. This randomized controlled clinical study was conducted in the outpatient physiotherapy clinic at Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University. Thirty-two children with CDH aged 10–14 years between May 2020 and February 2021 were randomly allocated to the study group ( n = 16) and the control group ( n = 16). The control group underwent a usual chest physiotherapy program; however, the study group underwent a 12-week chest resistance exercise combined with chest expansion exercise in addition to usual chest physiotherapy, with three sessions per week. Respiratory muscle strength, lung function, and thoracic excursion were assessed pre- and post-treatment. Results. Using the 2 × 2 repeated ANOVA, significant time × group interactions were detected in favor of the study group, FVC (F = 4.82, 95% CI = −15.6 to −0.97, p = 0.005, and η 2 = 0.16), FEV1 (F = 4.54, 95% CI = −11.99 to −2.8, p ˂ 0.001, and η 2 = 0.14), PImax (F = 5.12, 95% CI = −15.71 to −5.3, p ˂ 0.001, and η 2 = 0.15), and thoracic excursion (F = 4.41, 95% CI = −2.04 to −0.16, p = 0.036, and η 2 = 0.17). Conclusions. Concurrent chest resistance and expansion exercises may improve respiratory muscle strength, lung function, and thoracic excursion in children with post-operative CDH. The study findings suggest that concurrent chest and chest expansion exercises be part of an appropriate pulmonary rehabilitation program in children with a history of CDH.

Keywords: diaphragmatic hernia; chest resistance exercise; chest expansion exercise; respiratory muscle strength; lung functions; thoracic excursion (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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