Importance of Perception of Errors and Challenges for Improving Psychological Conditioning: Mediating Effect of Expectancy-Value Using the Phantom Model for Taekwondo Athletes

Young Kyun Sim, Hak Hwan Kim, Joon Ha Shin, Eun Chul Seo and Min-Seong Ha
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Young Kyun Sim: Department of International Sports, Dankook University-Chungcheongnam-do, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si 31116, Korea
Hak Hwan Kim: Department of Sports Health Regeneration, Cheong Ju University-Chungcheongbuk-do, 298 Daeseong-ro, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si 28503, Korea
Joon Ha Shin: Department of International Sports, Dankook University-Chungcheongnam-do, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si 31116, Korea
Eun Chul Seo: Department of Physical Education, Wonkwang University-Iksan, 460 Iksan-daro, Iksan 54538, Korea
Min-Seong Ha: Department of Sports Culture, College of the Arts, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 10, 1-12

Abstract: Maintenance of positive psychological conditioning can be a key factor in eliciting high human performance. In particular, perception of error forms a causal relationship with challenges regarding task performance. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mediation effect of expectancy value in the relationship between the perception of error and challenge using the Phantom Model through quantitative research. This study analyzed the causal relationship between perception of error, expectancy value, and challenge in 423 young Taekwondo athletes. Frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling were performed on the collected data using Jamovi 1.0.1 and AMOS 23.0 statistical programs to verify the hypothesis. The challenge demonstrated a significant difference in relation to the perception of error. These results demonstrated that the perception of error not only directly affected one’s challenge but also explained the increased challenge by mediating expectations for success and subjective values. Hence, the positive perception of error increased the athletes’ expectancy value and challenge.

Keywords: psychological conditioning; perception of error; expectancy value; challenge; structural equation modeling; athlete; sports (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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