Effectiveness of Warm-Up Intervention Programs to Prevent Sports Injuries among Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Liyi Ding, Jianfeng Luo, Daniel M. Smith, Marcia Mackey, Haiqing Fu, Matthew Davis and Yanping Hu
Additional contact information
Liyi Ding: P.E. College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
Jianfeng Luo: School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
Daniel M. Smith: Department of Physical Education and Health Education, Springfield College, 263 Alden Street, Springfield, MA 01109, USA
Marcia Mackey: Department of Physical Education & Sport, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
Haiqing Fu: P.E. Department, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
Matthew Davis: Department of Physical Education and Health Education, Springfield College, 263 Alden Street, Springfield, MA 01109, USA
Yanping Hu: The Center of Disease Control & Prevention, Putuo District, Shanghai 200333, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 10, 1-17

Abstract: Sports participation by children and adolescents often results in injuries. Therefore, injury prevention warm-up programs are imperative for youth sports safety. The purpose of this paper was to assess the effectiveness of Warm-up Intervention Programs (WIP) on upper and lower limb sports injuries through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Searches for relevant studies were performed on PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane databases. Studies selected met the following criteria: original data; analytic prospective design; investigated a WIP and included outcomes for injury sustained during sports participation. Two authors assessed the quality of evidence using Furlan’s criteria. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.3 software was used to process and analyze the outcome indicators of the literature. Across fifteen studies, the pooled point estimated injury rate ratio (IRR) was 0.64 (95% CI = 0.54–0.75; 36% reduction) while accounting for hours of risk exposure. Publication bias assessment suggested a 6% reduction in the estimate (IRR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.60–0.82), and the prediction interval intimated that any study estimate could still fall between 0.34 and 1.19. Subgroup analyses identified one significant moderator that existed in the subgroup of compliance ( p < 0.01) and might be the source of heterogeneity. Compared with the control group, WIPs significantly reduced the injury rate ratio of upper and lower limb sports injuries in children and adolescents.

Keywords: warm-up intervention program; adolescents; children; sports injuries; sports activity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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