Profiles of Sleep Duration and Psychological Distress among Puerto Ricans Living in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Survey and Latent Class Analysis

Kevin Villalobos, Francisco A. Montiel Ishino and Faustine Williams
Additional contact information
Kevin Villalobos: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
Francisco A. Montiel Ishino: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
Faustine Williams: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 11, 1-12

Abstract: Sleep duration affects physiological functioning and mental health outcomes among Hispanics/Latinos. The limited research reports that Hispanic/Latino subpopulations like Puerto Ricans carry a disproportionate burden. To understand this burden, we identified profiles of sleep duration by psychological distress among Puerto Rican adults (N = 4443) using latent class analysis on 2010–2019 National Health Interview Survey data. The outcome of sleep was constructed from self-reports of sleep duration and difficulties falling and staying asleep. Sleep duration was categorized as short sleep (≤6 h), normal sleep (7 to 8 h), and long sleep (≥9 h). Mental health indicators included psychological distress items from the Kessler-6 scale. Health behaviors (nicotine and alcohol use), weight (calculated body mass index), food security, acculturative factors (language use), and socio-economic/socio-demographic covariates were considered to further differentiate profiles. Six profiles were identified: troubled shortest sleep (5.0% of sample) with high psychological distress; highly troubled short sleep (8.0%) with little psychological distress; some disturbed and shortened sleep (10.0%) with moderate psychological distress; undisturbed and shortened sleep (28.0%) with little psychological distress; normal/average sleep (49.0%); and long sleep (1.0%) with moderate psychological distress. While our study is among the first to identify profiles that are at the highest mental health risk due to sleep issues, the findings and approach help examine the complex disparity among Puerto Ricans to then leverage complex survey data for interventional designs.

Keywords: mental health; sleep duration; minority health; social determinants of health; health disparities (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/11/6363/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/11/6363/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:11:p:6363-:d:822522

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().