A Priori Dietary Patterns, Physical Activity Level, and Body Composition in Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

Benedetta Bendinelli, Elisa Pastore, Miriam Fontana, Ilaria Ermini, Melania Assedi, Luigi Facchini, Andrea Querci, Saverio Caini and Giovanna Masala
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Benedetta Bendinelli: Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
Elisa Pastore: Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
Miriam Fontana: Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
Ilaria Ermini: Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
Melania Assedi: Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
Luigi Facchini: Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
Andrea Querci: Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
Saverio Caini: Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
Giovanna Masala: Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 11, 1-15

Abstract: Midlife weight gain and fat distribution changes increase the risk of age-related pathologies. We aimed to explore, in a series of 388 healthy postmenopausal women living in Tuscany, Central Italy, the relationship between three a priori dietary patterns, the level of physical activity (PA), and four body composition measures: body mass index (BMI), percent fat mass (%FM), percent muscle mass (%MM), and waist circumference (WC). Detailed information on lifestyle, including the amount of recreational and household PA, sitting time, and dietary habits were collected through detailed questionnaires, and adherence scores to Greek Modified Mediterranean Diet, Italian Mediterranean Diet (IMD), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet were calculated. The %FM and %MM were estimated via TANITA MC-780MA analyzer. WC and BMI were measured according to standard international protocols. Cross-sectional adjusted regression models showed that increasing adherence to IMD was inversely associated with BMI, %FM, and WC, and directly associated with %MM. Higher levels of recreational PA were associated with lower %FM, BMI, and WC and with higher %MM values. Higher levels of sitting time were associated with higher %FM, BMI, and WC, and lower %MM. Dietary habits and moderate PA confirm their central role in maintaining good health even in menopausal women.

Keywords: postmenopausal women; dietary pattern; physical activity; body composition (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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