Simple and Autonomous Sleep Signal Processing System for the Detection of Obstructive Sleep Apneas

William D. Moscoso-Barrera, Elena Urrestarazu, Manuel Alegre, Alejandro Horrillo-Maysonnial, Luis Fernando Urrea, Luis Mauricio Agudelo-Otalora, Luis F. Giraldo-Cadavid, Secundino Fernández and Javier Burguete
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William D. Moscoso-Barrera: Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Universidad de Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
Elena Urrestarazu: Neurophysiology and Sleep Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
Manuel Alegre: Neurophysiology and Sleep Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
Alejandro Horrillo-Maysonnial: Neurophysiology and Sleep Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
Luis Fernando Urrea: Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Universidad de Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
Luis Mauricio Agudelo-Otalora: School of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 25001, Colombia
Luis F. Giraldo-Cadavid: Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Internal Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 250001, Colombia
Secundino Fernández: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
Javier Burguete: Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Universidad de Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 11, 1-16

Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder characterized by repetitive upper airway obstruction, intermittent hypoxemia, and recurrent awakenings during sleep. The most used treatment for this syndrome is a device that generates a positive airway pressure—Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP), but it works continuously, whether or not there is apnea. An alternative consists on systems that detect apnea episodes and produce a stimulus that eliminates them. Article focuses on the development of a simple and autonomous processing system for the detection of obstructive sleep apneas, using polysomnography (PSG) signals: electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), respiratory effort (RE), respiratory flow (RF), and oxygen saturation (SO 2 ). The system is evaluated using, as a gold standard, 20 PSG tests labeled by sleep experts and it performs two analyses. A first analysis detects awake/sleep stages and is based on the accumulated amplitude in a channel-dependent frequency range, according to the criteria of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM). The second analysis detects hypopneas and apneas, based on analysis of the breathing cycle and oxygen saturation. The results show a good estimation of sleep events, where for 75% of the cases of patients analyzed it is possible to determine the awake/asleep states with an effectiveness of >92% and apneas and hypopneas with an effectiveness of >55%, through a simple processing system that could be implemented in an electronic device to be used in possible OSA treatments.

Keywords: obstructive sleep apnea; sleep signal processing system; detection of apneas; signal processing; polysomnography; electrical stimulation; apnea; hypopnea (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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