COVID-19, Long COVID Syndrome, and Mental Health Sequelae in a Mexican Population

Jesús Maximiliano Granados Villalpando, Humberto Azuara Forcelledo, Jorge Luis Ble Castillo, Alejandro Jiménez Sastré, Isela Esther Juárez Rojop, Viridiana Olvera Hernández, Fernando Enrique Mayans Canabal and Crystell Guadalupe Guzmán Priego
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Jesús Maximiliano Granados Villalpando: Cardiometabolism Laboratory, Research Center, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud (DACS), Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
Humberto Azuara Forcelledo: Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de Tabasco (ISSET), Villahermosa 86000, Mexico
Jorge Luis Ble Castillo: Metabolic Disease Biochemistry, Research Center, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud (DACS), Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
Alejandro Jiménez Sastré: Center of Medical Specialitites, Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de Tabasco (ISSET), Villahermosa 86000, Mexico
Isela Esther Juárez Rojop: Lipid Metabolism, Research Center, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud (DACS), Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
Viridiana Olvera Hernández: Metabolic Disease Biochemistry, Research Center, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud (DACS), Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
Fernando Enrique Mayans Canabal: Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de Tabasco (ISSET), Villahermosa 86000, Mexico
Crystell Guadalupe Guzmán Priego: Cardiometabolism Laboratory, Research Center, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud (DACS), Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 12, 1-10

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic is currently a worldwide threat and concern, not only because of COVID-19 itself but its sequelae. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a relation between COVID-19, Long COVID, and the prevalence of mental health disorders exist. A total of 203 people from Tabasco were included in this study, answering a survey integrated by three dominions: General and epidemiological data, the DASS-21 test (to determine the presence of signs or symptoms suggestive of depression, anxiety, and/or stress) and an exploratory questionnaire about Long COVID syndrome. A descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was made via Microsoft Excel and Graphpad Prism software, evaluating differences through the Mann–Whitney U test and considering p < 0.05 as statistically significant. Of the 203 people surveyed, 96 (47.29%) had had COVID-19 and 107 (52.71%) had not; from the ones that had COVID-19, 29 (30.21%) presented mental health disorders and 88 (91.66%) presented at least one symptom or sign of Long COVID syndrome; meanwhile, 31 (32.29%) presented 10 or more symptoms or signs. From the comparison between the population with previous mental health disorders and COVID-19 and those without background disorders or COVID-19, the results were the following: 27.58% vs. 16.82% presented severe depression, 48.27% vs. 17.75% presented severe anxiety, and 27.58% vs. 20.56% presented severe stress. A high prevalence of mental health effects was observed in patients without COVID-19 and increased in the population with Long COVID syndrome and previous mental health disorders.

Keywords: COVID-19; mental health; Long COVID; anxiety; depression; stress; sequelae (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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