Chromatic Contrast Sensitivity Functions and Colour Discrimination in Smoker Patients

Mari Carmen García-Domene, María Josefa Luque-Cobija, Dolores de Fez and María Amparo Díez-Ajenjo
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Mari Carmen García-Domene: Optics, Optometrý and Visual Sciences, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
María Josefa Luque-Cobija: Optics, Optometrý and Visual Sciences, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
Dolores de Fez: Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy Department, University of Alicante, 03690 Sant Vicent del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
María Amparo Díez-Ajenjo: Optics, Optometrý and Visual Sciences, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 12, 1-11

Abstract: In this study, effects of smoking on colour vision with the Farnsworth–Munsell 100 Hue test (FM100h) and achromatic (A), red-green (RG), and blue-yellow (BY) contrast sensitivity functions were evaluated. In total, 50 non-smoker controls and 25 smokers, divided into two groups (group 1, less than 10 cigarettes per day, with 15 patients, and group 2, >10 cigarettes per day, with 10 patients) took part in the experiments. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), FM100h, and A, RG, and BY contrast sensitivity functions were measured. Total and partial RG and BY error scores ( TES and PTES ) and colour axis index ( CA ) were used in the analysis. No differences between smoker and non-smoker groups were found in BCVA, CA and A and BY contrast sensitivity, but TES and PTES values and RG contrast sensitivity at 1 cpd were statistically different. Differences between smoker groups were not significant. Error scores in smokers were positively correlated with the number of cigarettes smoked per day, and in BY also with age. Tobacco caused discrimination losses in both chromatic mechanisms but affected the red-green pathway more than the blue-yellow, and therefore, a partial RG score of FM100h test seems to be a good predictor of smoker colour deficiencies.

Keywords: contrast sensitivity; Farnsworth–Munsell; smoker; total error score; colour (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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